Browsing by Author "Erume Joseph"

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    Isolation, and molecular characterization of Brucella isolates in cattle milk in Uganda
    (2015) Mugizi Denis Rwabita; Shaman Muradrasoli; Boqvist Sofia; Erume Joseph; Nasinyama George William; Waiswa Charles; Mboowa Gerald; Markus Klint; Magnusson Ulf
    Brucellosis is endemic in livestock and humans inUganda and its transmission involves amultitude of risk factors like consumption of milk frominfected cattle. To shed new light on the epidemiology of brucellosis in Uganda the present study used phenotypic and molecular approaches to delineate the Brucella species, biovars, and genotypes shed in cattle milk. Brucella abortus without a biovar designation was isolated from eleven out of 207 milk samples from cattle in Uganda. These isolates had a genomic monomorphism at 16 variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci and showed in turn high levels of genetic variation when compared with otherAfrican strains or other B. abortus biovars from other parts of the world. This study further highlights the usefulness of MLVA asan epidemiological tool for investigation of Brucella infections.
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    Molecular Detection and Characterization of Brucella Species in Raw Informally Marketed Milk from Uganda
    (2016) Hoffman Tove; Rock Kim; Mugizi Denis Rwabiita; Muradrasoli Shaman; LindahlRajala Elisabeth; Erume Joseph; Magnusson Ulf; Lundkvist Åke; Boqvist Sofia
    This study identified and characterizedBrucellaspecies in the informal milk chain in Uganda. A total of324 cattle bulk milk samples were screened for the genusBrucellaby real-time PCR with primers targeting thebcsp31gene and further characterized by theomp25gene. Of the samples tested, 6.5% were positive forBrucellaspecies. In theomp25phylogeny, the study sequences were found to form a separate clade within thebranch containingB. abortussequences. The study shows that informally marketed cattle milk in Uganda is alikely risk factor for human brucellosis and confirms thatB. abortusis present in the cattle population.This information is important for potential future control measures, such as vaccination of cattle.
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    Prevalence of and factors associated with Brucella sero-positivity in cattle in urban and peri-urban Gulu and Soroti towns of Uganda
    (The Japanese Society of Veterinary Science, 2015) MUGIZI Rwabiita Denis; Boqvist Sofia; Nasinyama George William; Waiswa Charles; IKWAP Kokas; Rock Kim; LINDAHL Elisabeth; Magnusson Ulf; Erume Joseph
    Brucellosis is a key zoonosis of major public health, animal welfare and economic significance, and is endemic in livestock in Uganda. A cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out to estimate the sero-prevalence of brucellosis and identify factors associated with sero-positivity in cattle in urban and peri-urban Gulu and Soroti towns of Northern and Eastern Uganda, respectively. A total of 1007 sera and data on biologically plausible risk factors from 166 herds and their spatial locations, were collected from cattle reared in urban and peri-urban Gulu and Soroti towns of Uganda. The sera were analyzed using indirect ELISA and sero-positive reactors confirmed by competitive ELISA. Multivariable models were used to investigate for risk factors. The overall animal-level and herd-level sero-prevalence was 7.5% (76/1007, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 6.15–9.4%) and 27.1% (45/166, 95% CI: 20.9–34.3%), respectively. Herd-level seroprevalence was significantly (P<0.001) higher in Soroti than Gulu. In Gulu town, sero-positivity increased with an increase in herd size (P=0.03) and age (P=0.002), and was higher in cattle brought in from western Uganda (P<0.0001). In Soroti town, introduction of new cattle into a herd was significantly (P=0.027) associated with herd sero-positivity. There was a geographically differential risk (clustering) of Brucella sero- positivity in herds in Soroti, while sero-positivity was homogeneously distributed in Gulu. The data highlight brucellosis occurrence and major risk factors for its transmission in cattle in urban and peri-urban areas. KEY WORDS: brucellosis, risk factor, sero-positivity, Uganda, urban and peri-urban cattle