Browsing by Author "Murongo, Marius Fabian"

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Effect of sisal (Agave Sisalana) and sweet thorn (Acacia Karroo) ethno-medicinal extracts on prevalence of selected pests and diseases in assila F1 tomato Variety
(Ecological Organic Agriculture - Growing Sustainability, 2023-03-30) Maganda, Farouk; Acero, Miria; Byalebeka, John; Ssekandi, Joseph; Murongo, Marius Fabian
Introduction - This study compared the efficacy of sisal (Agave sisalana) and sweet thorn (Acacia karroo)ethno-medicinal extracts on prevalence of selected pests and diseases in Assila F1 tomato variety was carried out in order to provide cheap and safe alternative in controlling tomato pests and diseases. Methodology - A 13x13m complete randomized block design with nine replicates was used to determine the prevalence of tomato pests and diseases. The assessment was done at organic demonstration site of Uganda martyrs university using three treatments; sisal extracts, sweet thorn extracts and control. Healthy tender leaves of sisal and sweet thorn were harvested and 10kgs of each treatment were measured and chopped into small piece, crushed then 5litres water was added. The prepared mixtures were then shaken and sprayed uniformly onto the tomato plants in the plots to which they were assigned to at a 4 days interval starting from one to eight weeks 8interval after transplanting for 8 times. Meanwhile control plants were not sprayed. Each replicate had 20 plants and 10 plants were selected for data collection in each replicate. Agronomic traits were evaluated by measuring plant height, stem girth,leaf length,leaf width, leaf length using ametre rule. Final fruit yield was measured by weighing mature tomatoestomatoes. Pests were assessed as follows; whiteflies were assessed by counting the adult white flies. Aphids were assessed using a pest scoring scale of 0-5;African bollow worm is assessed using a scoring scale of 1-5. Disease severity was assessed as below; early blight and late blight severity was assessed using ascale of 1-4 .Bacterial spot severity was scored using the scale of 1-6 and then powdery mildew severity was estimated using a disease scoring scale of 0-5. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) at(P<0.05) was carried and means were compared using LSD. Results & Discussion - The results of the study indicated thet there was significant (P<0.05)diferences recorded between sisal and sweet thorn ethno medicinal extracts for pest prevalence. The lower mean for white flies (0.78), tomato fruit borer (1.3) and aphids (0.86) and red spider mites(0.3) prevalenece score were recorded for sisal ethno medicinal extracts than sweet thorn extracts but lower than the control plots. There was significant differences (P<0.05) observed between of application of sisal and sweet thorn ethno medicinal extracts for disease prevalence. The lower mean for early blight (1.1), late blight (1.6), bacterial spot (1.1)and powedery mildew severity (1.8) severity scores were recorded for sweet thorn ethno-medicinal extracts than sisal extracts but lower than the control plots. The results of the study revealed that application of sisal extracts significantly (P<0.05) increased plant height, stem girth, leaf length, leaf width and final fruit yield. Application of sisal and sweet thorn ethno- medicinal extracts significantly (P<0.05) showed an effect on the yield components and yield of tomatoes. The higher final
Efficacy Of eucalyptus ash (Eucalyptus Globules L) on the tomatoes’ (Solunum Lycoperscum) shelf life under room temperature storage conditions In Central Uganda
(Ecological Organic Agriculture - Growing Sustainability, 2023-03) Tumwizere, Collin; Kalanzi, Keefa; Murongo, Marius Fabian
Introduction - The cultivated tomato, (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the world’s most highly consumed vegetable due to its status as a basic ingredient in a large variety of raw (Wu et al., 2022), cooked or processed foods. It belongs to the family Solanaceae, (Lima et al., 2022) which includes several other commercially important species. Tomato is grown worldwide for local use or as an export crop. In 2014, the global area cultivated with tomato was 5 million hectares with a production of 171 million tons (Camara et al., 2022), the major tomato-producing countries being the People’s Republic of China (hereafter “China”) and India (FAOSTAT, 2017). Tomatoes can be grown in a variety of geographical zones in open fields or greenhouses, and the fruit can be harvested by manual or mechanical means (Masetti et al., 2020). Methodology - he researcher used a Completely Randomized Block Design which was a plan, strategy and investigation structure in a certain element, so this was used as a tool for obtaining the answers to research questions and problems. This was used in obtaining an operational plan in executing a few required steps for completing the research and ensures that the chosen research design was as sufficient and adequate as possible for seeking the authentic findings, answering the objective of the study and pointing sharply on research questions. The treatment which was replicated into three different quantities; this treatment was eucalyptus ash under measurements of 0.5g, 1g and 1.5g and the control where no ash was added to the tomatoes. Results & Discussion - Analysis of variance showed that different quantities of eucalyptus ash based storage media significantly (P<0.05) influenced decay percentage in stored tomatoes (Table 2 and Figure 4). The results indicated that the first two weeks of storage and data collection, tomatoes stored in the different eucalyptus ash based storage media showed no significant differences (P<0.00) in decay percentage. The results also indicated that the different eucalyptus ash based storage media and control gave the same decay percentage of 0.00% in week one and week two. This could be attributed to the fact that in the first two weeks, tomatoes had not fully under gone physiological changes which can lead to rotting. On another hand, in the first two weeks of storage, tomatoes had not yet started losing water to the surrounding which could favor microbial attack. The results indicated that tomatoes stored in 1.5kg of eucalyptus ash gave the lowest significant (P<0.00 and <0.003) decay percentage of 7% and 79% in week three and eleven of data collection respectively. The results further indicated that there were no significant differences in same weeks among tomatoes stored in1.5kg of eucalyptus ash for instance in week three and four which gave a decay percentage of Conclusion - It was concluded that 1.5 kg of eucalyptus ash gave the lowest decay of tomatoes, this further gave the lowest weight loss and also the lowest level of softness of the tomatoes.
Evaluating the effect of different organic manures on the performance of black eye cowpea variety
(Ecological Organic Agriculture - Growing Sustainability, 2023-03-30) Oya, Richard; Murongo, Marius Fabian
Introduction - Cowpea (Vignaunguiculata,L.Walp) is one of the key legume food crops produced worldwide for its grains, fresh green seeds, fresh leaves and pods which are consumed as fresh cooked vegetable. The research study, to evaluate the effect of bio-manures on the growth and yield performance of black eye cowpea variety was in central Uganda.Specifically, the study examined the growth, and yield parameters of black eye cowpea variety in relation to application of (chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung control treatment. It was hypothesized that biomanure application has a significant effect the growth and yield performance of black eye cowpea variety. Methodology - The treatments were laid in complete randomized block design (CRBD) in a 0.0004ha size, replicated four times. The plots were blended with 5 kgs of bio-manure except the control plot. The plants were planted at the spacing of 50×20cm. 5kgs of each manure type was applied. Observations were done on 4000 plants/ha selected from 100000plants/ha total number of plants in the 16 plots. The data was collected on plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, number of branches, and the grain weight and wet bio mass of cowpea.The data collected was analyzed with GENSTAT(VSN,version14,2012)for(ANOVA). Results & Discussion - Results indicated that cowpea under chicken manure had the highest mean of plant height 21.3cm and 21.82cm in season one and two respectively, wet bio mass of 5995kg/ha and 4745kg/ha in season one and two respec-tively, number of branches of 7.58 and 7.1 in season one and two respectively and number of leaves of 38.7 and 38.3 in season one and two respectively. compared to cowpea treated with pig manure and then cow dung and the least was under the control. The highest mean of grain weight under pig manure with 612.75kg/ha and 587.75kg/ha in season one and two compared to chicken manure, cow dung manure and the least was from con-trol treatment. The ANOVA results indicated that there were highly significant differences on the plant height of cowpea black eyed variety among treatments at (p<0.001). The cowpea treated with chicken manure and pig manure performed better than those with cow dung and those without (control), therefore the recommenda-tion is that famers to fetch high yields they should use chicken manure and plant early in time during the first rains and also crops to pick the Nitrogen flash for their vegetative growth. Conclusion - The cowpea treated with chicken manure and pig manure performed better than those with cow dung and those without (control). Recommendation is that farmers to fetch high yields they should use chicken manure and pig manure and plant early in time during the first rains and also crops to pick the Nitrogen flash for their vegetative growth.
Sim-Sim (Sesamum Indicum L.) bio-Ash efficacy determination on tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) shelf life in Central Uganda
(Ecological Organic Agriculture - Growing Sustainability, 2023-03) Nankuta, Dorothy; Murongo, Marius Fabian; Kalanzi, Keefa; Tumwizere, Collins
Introduction - Tomato (Lycopersicon solanum) is a vegetable crop which belongs to a family Solanaceae and is dicotyledonous plant.Despite its nutritional, economic, and health value, tomato production is hampered by post-harvest losses, which limit the longevity of storage and the number of high-quality products available to customers. This study investigated the effect of sim-sim (Sesamum indicum L.) bio-ash efficacy determination on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) shelf life in central Uganda. The specific objectives of the study were: to determine the effect of different rates of sim-sim ash on decay incidence and weight loss of tomatoes stored at room temperature, to assess the effect of sim-sim ash and their effect on textural characteristics (hardness, softness soggy and spoilt) of tomatoes stored at room temperature and to examine the effect of different rates of sim-sim ash on the sensory attributes (half ripe and full ripe) for the tomatoes stored at room temperature. An experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture of Uganda Martyrs University in Nkozi Sub County, Mpigi district during the months of March-July 2022 cropping season. A Methodology - An experimental design used was completely randomized design (CRD) in the study with four treatments. The factors studied included 0.5kg (P2), 1.0kg (P3) and 1.5kg (P4) of sim-sim bio-ash and control (P1) in which tomatoes were stored for a period of 55 days. Different parameters were assessed, decay incidence, weight loss, hardness, softness, sogginess of tomatoes and number of spoilt tomatoes, half ripe and full ripe tomatoes .Data collected was subjected to statistical technique of analysis of variance (ANOVA) at (P<0.05) to ascertain the Fishers probability (Fpr), grand mean, Least signifi-cance differences (L.S.D and percentage co-efficient of variations (% CV). Means were compared using the least significance difference best (L.S.D) and was analysed using Genstat a statistical package version 14. Results & Discussion - The results of the study indicated that there were highly significant differences (P<0.001) recorded with the different rates of sim-sim bio ash on decay and weight loss of tomatoes, The results indicated that 1,5kg of sim sim ash gave the lowest percentage decay of 79% and lowest weight loss. Further the results revealed that 1.5kg of sim sim ash gave the lowest number of soft, soggy and spoilt tomatoes but with the highest number of hard tomatoes. Finally 1.5kg of sim sim ash gave the highest number of full ripe tomatoes and lowest number of half ripe tomatoes during the storage period. Conclusion - Basing on the results of the study ,It was also concluded that storing tomatoes in 1.5kg of sim-sim ash gave the lowest percentage decay and weight loss, increased number of hard tomatoes and reduced number of soft, soggy, spoilt tomatoes as well as increasing tomato ripening faster than the other counter parts treatments. Therefore farmers are recommended to store tomatoes in 1.5kg of sim-sim ash.
Women involvement in use of ethnomedicinal products in Masaka and Mpigi Districts, Uganda
(Ecological Organic Agriculture - Growing Sustainability, 2023-03) Njoroge, Njeri Grace; Bwogi, Vianney Godfrey; Murongo, Marius Fabian
Introduction - Cooked bananas, also known as matooke, are the main source of food in Uganda’s Central, Western, and Mt. Elgon regions. Recently, the production of bananas has been seriously threatened by numerous pests and illnesses. Nematodes and banana weevils are major pests, and bacterial infections and panama wilt are the most common diseases. There hasn’t been sufficient research that address women’s engagement in the usage of biorationals in the study area. A study that was conducted in the Central Ugandan districts of Masaka and Mpigi assessed the extent to which women used biorationals to treat pests and diseases that affects bananas, as well as farmers’ assessments of how efficient these treatments were. Methodology - Using both quantitative and qualitative data, social economic approaches were applied. A structure questionnaire and key informant interviews were used. A logistic model was used to determine the farmers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of biorationals in getting rid of banana weevils. The survey’s sample size was 144 house-holds, or one hundred forty-four. Organic farmers were identified using snow ball sampling, while the remain-ing farmers were chosen using a random sampling technique. The sample was chosen using an undisclosed population sampling method Results & Discussion - According to the logistic model, women were more likely than men to consider biorationals to be effective. Knowledge (awareness) of the product played a key role in farmers’ perception of and use of biorationals goods. Farmers with a secondary education embraced and evaluated the usage of biorationals as being extremely important Conclusion - According to this approach, women’s participation, farmers’ training in banana production, and the usage of livestock products are all crucial issues that need to be addressed in order to increase the use of biorationals in banana production.