Post-Graduate Dissertations (Science)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12280/275

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Relative Effectiveness of Monetary And Fiscal Policies In Macroecomic Stabilization In A Developing And Post Conflict Economy: The Case Of Rwanda
(University Of Nairobi, 2016) Kabanda, Richard
This study set out to determine the relative effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policies in macroeconomic stabilization with a focus on output and inflation in Rwanda as a developing and post-conflict economy. It aimed at identifying the relative effectiveness of both monetary and fiscal policy by comparing their effects in explaining changes in output; and the channels of transmission in a correctly specified VAR. This was motivated by the fact that variables like rainfall, aid, and war have an impact on economic activity in developing countries and should hence be included in models that explain the effects of monetary and fiscal policies on economic activity. Disregarding such factors, as has been the case in several studies would imply incorrect specification. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by including domestic exogenous variables (rainfall, foreign aid, war, and UN payments) when examining monetary and fiscal policies’ effect on economic activity. The sample data covers the period from the 1stquarter of 1996 to the 4th quarter of 2014. The findings show that unexpected changes in monetary policy affect domestic output growth and the price level. Money stock and bank credit to the private sector are the best channels of monetary policy transmission in Rwanda. The study also examined the channels of fiscal policy transmission, and test for the presence of the crowding out/in effect of government spending on private investment. The study findings are mixed. The structural VAR approach reveals that government spending negatively affects prices but does not affect real output. The recursive approach shows that both prices and output do not respond to shocks in government spending. In a different specification, where output is divided into its components, government spending is shown to affect private investment through a crowding in effect, but raises inflation. The study further investigates the relative contribution of monetary and fiscal policies to changes in nominal output, and possible interaction between these policies. The findings suggest that monetary policy is more effective than fiscal policy, and that there is interaction between both economic policies in Rwanda. Finally, two other specifications are examined, where foreign shocks are first controlled for, then both domestic and foreign shocks are ignored. The findings indicate an improvement in the results as monetary policy only influences output in the benchmark model. While the study suggests that policy makers should rely more on monetary than fiscal policy, the use of both policies has the potential to achieving higher levels of output within an environment of stable prices. This study has therefore made a significant contribution in the field of the monetary and fiscal policy transmission mechanism. The domestic exogenous variables are therefore relevant in the specification of the monetary and fiscal policy transmission mechanism. Given the Rwanda government objective of achieving an average growth rate of 11.5 percent up to 2020, it is suggested that more emphasis be placed on monetary policy than fiscal policy. However, given that government spending helps to explain private investment in the cost of rising inflation, careful coordination is required between monetary and fiscal policy in order to boost growth and control inflation. This would also help to avoid the joint inflationary effect of monetary and fiscal policies. Future studies on monetary/fiscal policy transmission mechanisms should include all relevant domestic variables within a Bayesian VAR, or panel framework in order to circumvent the issue of data limitations.
An Investigative Research into Business-ICT Alignment and its Impact on Institutions of Higher Education: A Case Study of Selected Universities in Kabale District.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2013) Imaniragaba, Proscovia
IMANIRAGABA PROSCOVIA (2013-M142-20011) An Investigative Research into Business-ICT Alignment and its Impact on Institutions of Higher Education: A Case Study of Selected Universities in Kabale District. The study was conducted to explore into Business-ICT alignment and its impact on institutions of higher education and then give the different recommendations on how business-ICT alignment can be integrated in institutions of higher education in Kabale district in order to stimulate business growth and development using both qualitative and quantitative techniques. The study was conducted among assistant lecturers, (35.5%), lecturers (20.5%), head of department, (5.5%), non-teaching staff (25.5%), and administrators (13.0%). In the study, data was collected through structured interviews and questionnaires from 200 respondents. More information was gathered through the use of available literature and observation. The study found out that the main ICTs used in institutions were: computers, application software, tablets, projectors, interactive whiteboard and display monitors. However, the general business-ICT alignment levels in the institutions are till at a minimal level (38%). The study shows that many respondents strongly agreed (51%) and (37%) agreed that Business-ICT alignment is a suitable process for institutional progress and success. The study also found out that by improving the integration and alignment of ICT in institutions, the universities will improve their ability to realise institutional vision and goals (76%), provide more agility in response to institutional diversification, growth and development (87%), improve student, staff and partner experiences with greater enterprise capability (98%), enable greater sharing of knowledge and resources across the enterprise (67%), improve communications (78%). On establishing how business growth and development can be stimulated through business-ICT alignment respondents said it creates direct jobs, contributes to gross domestic product (GDP) growth, emergence of new services and industries, workforce transformation and leads to business innovation. In conclusion, the use of information and communication technologies no doubt is gaining momentum in Ugandan universities. The ICT is used by faculty, staff and students in sourcing information to align business. ICT use in management is highly embraced and this improves management practices. It was observed that, indeed, the use of ICT in the management of universities simplifies work and makes it easier for universities‟ staff to enjoy their work and hence generate quality decisions for the running of their universities. ICT usage will facilitate development since there will be free flow of information. Key Words: Research, Business-ICT Alignment, Universities, Kabale District.
Utilization of Information Communication Technology in Selected Secondary Schools: A Case Study of Buikwe District, Uganda.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2014) Tenywa, Godfrey Angel
GODFREY TENYWA ANGEL (2014-M142-20023) Utilization of Information Communication Technology in Selected Secondary Schools: A Case Study of Buikwe District, Uganda. The study focused on the Utilisation of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in selected secondary schools; a case study of Buikwe district, Uganda. The study objectively thought to; identify the level of ICT usage in the teaching/learning programmes in selected secondary schools, to establish the various factors hindering the effective utilisation of ICTs in education programmes in selected secondary schools, to suggest possible remedies to the challenges which hinder ICT utilisation in the selected secondary schools. The study adopted a case study research design which complimented the objective and research problem in that it provides descriptive accounts of the role of ICT in learning/teaching, yet can also be used in an intellectually rigorous manner to achieve experimental isolation of one or more selected schools within Buikwe district. A sample of 228 respondents was selected. Using purposive and simple random sampling, data was analysed using the computer software called the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to generate tables and graphs. The findings of the study were that; it was discovered that students and teachers had some skills and competence in using computers in learning or instructional environments, lack of confidence or know-how on how to handle the different ICTs equipments would make both students and teachers shun ICTs in training or learning and there should be developing the policies and plans for diffusion of ICTs in learning and teaching. Students should be encouraged to participate in ICT practical lessons in the same way respondents also strongly agreed that students should be encouraged to participate in ICT lessons. The study concluded that the demand for higher education in developing countries is surpassing the physical resources and time that are at the disposal of higher education schools that are in these developing countries. The study recommends that policy makers, providers of professional development programmes for principals and for system level decision makers, to support mechanisms and strategies to assist head teachers and secondary school owners to utilise ICTS in their schools. It is also imperative that the Ministry of Education comes up with policies that will guide the use of ICT in schools and there is need for the same ministry to develop an ICT policy to streamline this important area of learning. Key Words: Information Communication Technology, Secondary Schools, Buikwe District.
Secure Block-Based Data De-duplication System Using Hash-Code Referencing Technology: A Case Study of Backup International Uganda.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2014) Bisaso, Nicholas
BISASO NICHOLAS (2014 - M132 – 20024) Secure Block-Based Data De-duplication System Using Hash-Code Referencing Technology: A Case Study of Backup International Uganda. There has been an increase in the design and development of data backup techniques both offline and on cloud especially in developed countries. Despite the usual problems of poor infrastructure and technologies, data de-duplication systems designed for the developing world need to conform to users with different models of data compression, security and usability than those designed for the developed world. This study investigated data de-duplication across stand-alone work stations and mobile devices with a de-duplication model and an interface that supports the usage and concerns of low literacy users in developing countries. The main goal of the study is to minimise the amount of storage capacity that is taken up by files stored multiple times and may be later transferred over the internet hence consuming bandwidth. Using block based file chunk, referencing a hash-code for each and every file or data chunk is generated then stored. This unique hash-code is matched against all existing chunks. When a match is found, a confirmation of an already existing file is made and file can be backed up only once. The findings of the survey of end-users were useful in understanding the current state of practice in data backup handling, understanding organisational needs and requirements, and deciding the nature of the data de-duplication system to be implemented. The design, development, implementation and evaluation of the Data De-duplication System (DDS) were achieved through a User-Centred Design (UCD) approach, Hash-code Referencing Technology. The experimental results of the data de-duplication system reveal that the system is useful to users. Results also demonstrate that DDS can be extended to personal mobile phones in future for data cost reduction and secure cloud storage of personal data. Key Words: Secure Block-Based Data, System, Hash-Code Referencing Technology, International Uganda.
Factors Affecting Health Workers’ Motivation in a Fragile State: A Case Study of Juba Teaching Hospital, South Sudan.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2015) Bamiriyo, Togyayo Esperance
BAMIRIYO TOGYAYO ESPERANCE (2015-M121-10003) Factors Affecting Health Workers’ Motivation in a Fragile State: A Case Study of Juba Teaching Hospital, South Sudan. This study was conducted in Juba, the capital city of the Republic of South Sudan. Special consideration was to study the motivation of health workers in Juba Teaching Hospital (JTH) which is the only national referral hospital in the youngest African country which got its independence on July 11th 2011 after more than 20 years of civil war. Special consideration in this study was given to the situation of post-conflict of South Sudan within FCAS. The study was aiming at knowing the motivation of health workers in Juba teaching Hospital and determined factors that influence their motivation, especially in context of post-war and instability. The four specific objectives undertaken to achieve the results were; to assess the level of motivation of health workers, particularly medical doctors, clinical officers, nurses, midwives and laboratory staff; to determine factors that affects their motivation; to assess the extent of the influence of war and instability on their motivation; and to examine strategies put in place by respective authorities to support health workers overcome the challenges and effects of war on their motivation. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study which used a mixed method (both qualitative and quantitative) in order to determine the motivation of health workers in Juba teaching hospital. A total of 201 health workers in the hospital composed of medical doctors, clinical officers, nurses, midwives and laboratory staff were proportionally sampled and interviewed using self-administered questionnaires, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. The statistical software IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20, Microsoft Excel 2007 and Microsoft word document 2007 were used for raw data coding, entry and analysis. The results of the study showed that 66% of health workers at Juba Teaching Hospital were de-motivated. Reasons for their de-motivation being poor salary, poor working conditions, non-availability of policies and guidelines enacted, and slow decision-making process by respective authorities. Considering the level of motivation of each cadre, showed that medical doctors were more motivated than the rest of the cadres with 64.26%. It was also found out that 72% of all the respondents were happy with their profession although 54.23% would quit work in the hospital for reasons mentioned above if they get another employer within the medical field. This study revealed that health workers in JTH have a high patriotic spirit that maintains them faithful to their duties. In time of war and instability, community support, team spirit among staff motivated them to work. However, harassment, life threats and lack of transport to ensure their protection contributed to their de-motivation. The study revealed a positive Pearson correlation between working in war and instability on staff motivation with a significance of 0.713 two tailed. All the respondents were well versed about their profession and the motivation they derived from taking care of sick people. All were conscious and happy that their work in one way or another was contributing to the up building of their country after many years of conflict. During this post-war period, the existence of fragile socio-political and economic conditions in the country, poor salary, insecurity manifested through instability and harassment from patients and their relatives, poor working conditions, lack of clear policies and guidelines tempered with their motivation. A management more approachable and close to them would contribute to their strength all through but more especially in time of instability. The study recommends among others that the Ministry of Health– GoSS-RSS should do the following: increase and constantly sustain funding to the health sector; enact policies and guidelines responding to the situation of South Sudan and produce sufficient copies for use; provide training to empower the management of the hospital on managerial skills, especially various kinds of skills to motivate staff on the only national referral hospital. To the Hospital Management: communicate more efficiently to the staff, ensure a conducive working environment, offer timely salary to staff, ensure availability of equipment and supplies, and ascertain transport for staff especially during the time of instability. To health workers in JTH, keep up intrinsic motivators and the good team spirit. Key Words: Health Workers, Motivation, Fragile State, Hospital, South Sudan
Framework for Effective Utilisation of Information Communication Technology in Enhancing Disaster Risk Management: A Case Study of Uganda Disasters whether natural or man-made, cause havoc to the lives of millions of people every year around the globe.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2012) Balemesa, Richard
BALEMESA RICHARD (2012-M142-20006) Framework for Effective Utilisation of Information Communication Technology in Enhancing Disaster Risk Management: A Case Study of Uganda Disasters whether natural or man-made, cause havoc to the lives of millions of people every year around the globe. Their aftermath is nothing but an uninviting picture of death, destruction, and sufferings. It is not always possible to avoid disaster but the suffering can be minimised by proper disaster management through appropriate disaster management tools. One of the disaster management tools is Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The advancement in ICT in the form of internet, GIS, remote sensing, and space technology can help a great deal in planning and implementation of disaster reduction measures. This research highlights how Information and Communication Technology can be applied effectively in different stages of disaster risk management processes to reduce or avoid the human, physical and economic losses suffered by individual/country and to reduce personal suffering to speed up recovery with a few case studies. The study proposes a framework that focuses on building disaster resilience in society through creation of a state-of-the art knowledge-based National Disaster Management centre that will provide value added information in various formats of audio, video, and data to stake holders for proactive and holistic management of disasters with a particular emphasis on the last-mile connectivity to the vulnerable community during all phases of Disaster Risk Management cycle which when implemented will reduce the impact of disasters globally. Key Words: Framework, Effective Utilisation, Information Communication Technology, Disaster Risk Management.
Proposed Model for the Integration of Social Media in Teacher Education Institutions in Uganda: A Case Study of National Instructors College Abilonino.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2013) Bagumiziriza, Robert
BAGUMISIRIZA ROBERT (2013-M142-20024) Proposed Model for the Integration of Social Media in Teacher Education Institutions in Uganda: A Case Study of National Instructors College Abilonino. The rapid development of information and communication technologies has sparked the creative incorporation of social media into current pedagogical technologies and processes. Teacher training institutions in Uganda are still facing challenges of social media integration in teaching and learning. Teachers have failed to use social media devices in teaching and learning. This was attributed to fears that the use of social media platforms in teaching and learning would have negative influence on students‟ academic performance since they spend most of the time chatting and making friends. The main objective of the study was to propose a model for social media integration in learning within teacher education institutions in Uganda. The study employed mixed methods approach combining both qualitative and quantitative methods to collect data. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and excel statistical packages. The study identified social media infrastructure, technical support, training of users, culture, infrastructure plan, awareness, gender, age and policies as requirements for the proposed model. This model would provide an opportunity for students and teachers to create learning resources, share learning resources, modify learning resources and collaborate with each other in the teaching and learning process to enhance students‟ performance class activities and examinations. Key Words: Proposed Model, Integration of Social Media, Teacher Education Institutions.
Perceptions and Preferences of Female Youths towards Post-Abortion Family Planning Counselling in Kampala.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2015) Bagonza, Joseph
BAGONZA JOSEPH (2015-M271-10001) Perceptions and Preferences of Female Youths towards Post-Abortion Family Planning Counselling in Kampala. The study was conducted in Kampala, to determine perceived benefits, to determine perceived challenges and to assess preferences of female youths towards post abortion family planning counselling. Kampala has the highest abortion rates compared to other regions in Uganda. With the legal status of abortion still contested in religious, moral, cultural, and political dimensions, many unsafe induced abortions go unnoticed and thus putting lives of many women at risk. Provision of post abortion family planning counselling and services to all post abortion clients is one way of preventing repeat abortions. The main objective of the study was to assess the perceptions and preferences of female youths towards post abortion family planning counselling among health facilities in Kampala in order provide research-based evidence and methods that would help improve sensitisation and access of female youths towards post abortion family planning counselling and services in Kampala. A descriptive cross sectional and non-interventional study design was used in which a qualitative technique was applied for data collection in order to explore a wider range of views of female youths towards post abortion family planning counselling in Kampala. In-depth interviews were conducted using audio devices and disc tapes with guidance of an in-depth interview guide. Data was analysed manually using a thematic approach of qualitative content analysis in which transcribed information was arranged into codes, themes and sub themes. Prevention of unwanted pregnancies and enhanced contraceptive use were the most repeatedly mentioned benefits of family planning counselling across interviews. However, prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and child spacing were also attributed to post abortion family planning counselling. Respondents‟ perceived challenges in accessing post abortion family planning services included lack of privacy, lack of confidentiality, poor attitude of health workers, lack of time by health workers, stigmatisation, long waiting time, religious influence, fear for legal implication, myths and misinformation about family planning, and past experiences with family planning methods. All the above highlighted challenges played a role in influencing access to post abortion family planning counselling. Respondents also expressed preference for private health facilities, getting both abortion and family planning counselling at once, as a single service and need for more time for counselling. Generally, the perceived challenges in accessing post abortion family planning counselling, are still many among the youths and these outweigh the perceived benefits. However, some challenges where accelerated by lack of adequate information and awareness about the benefits of post abortion family planning counselling among female youths in Kampala. This coupled with myths and misinformation makes it necessary to create awareness about the importance of post abortion family planning counselling through sensitisation of the youth. Furthermore, given that some respondents had never used any family planning method, yet they expressed need for counselling, also makes it worthy to conclude that there is low sensitisation about family planning counselling in the communities, which may lead to more unwanted pregnancies and more abortions if the sensitisation mechanism is not improved. There is need for increased sensitisation of women especially the youth on the importance of family planning counselling and the dangers of unsafe abortion, especially, in areas where abortion is still high. This can be done through media, youth education, and local drama to enlighten the youth about the importance of family planning counselling. In addition, family planning policies need to be revised to further emphasise the importance of post abortion family planning counselling so that both clients and health workers can comfortably embrace post abortion family planning counselling without any worries of being implicated by the law on abortion. Key Words: Female Youths, Post-Abortion, Family Planning Counselling, Kampala
Factors Influencing the State of Maternal Nutrition in Jinja District, South-Eastern Uganda.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2014) Babi, Dan
BABI DAN (2014-M282-20030) Factors Influencing the State of Maternal Nutrition in Jinja District, South-Eastern Uganda. Due to the existence of variations and complexity of determinants of maternal malnutrition across the globe (Black et al, 2013; Newcombe el al, 2015), research need not to only concentrate on magnitude of this problem but also immensely consider the factors that influence it. Since what works in one region may not necessarily be significant in another. More so, Black et al (2008) highlighted that the nutritional status of an individual is a complex interaction of several factors while Ruel et al (2013) insinuated that scaling up of nutrition requires addressing its underlying factors. Today in Uganda, evidence shows that it is still difficult to determine region specific causes of maternal malnutrition (FANTA II, 2010). This study assessed the factors influencing the state of maternal nutrition in Jinja district in order to increase understanding of the context in which maternal malnutrition occurs and be able to guide development of intervention plans. Specifically, the study determined the proportion of pregnant and lactating mothers with good nutritional status; described their feeding habits and then assessed the geo-economic and socio-cultural factors influencing the state of maternal nutrition in Jinja district. A cross-sectional study using mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) was utilised to collect data from a sample size of 124 participants. The study applied a multi-stage study design; stratified random sampling method to select 10 government health facilities out of 15 offering antenatal and postnatal services in Jinja district; census method to sample participants who passed the selection criteria at every individual health facility and purposive random sampling method to choose in-charges from antenatal or postnatal clinics to respond to in-depth interviews. The nutritional statuses of mothers were assessed using anthropometry (MUAC), clinical (presence of night blindness) and biochemical analysis (Hb level) obtained from the current medical records of the sampled mothers whereas their feeding habits were assessed by using both Women‟s Dietary Diversity Scores (WDDS) followed by Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ). Interviews documenting geo-economic and socio-cultural factors influencing the state of maternal nutrition in Jinja district were also examined. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) windows version 20.0. Descriptive statistics were then performed into frequency tables, charts and graphs while a multivariate analysis was computed using multiple linear regression model to determine the associations between: nutritional status and socio-demographic; geo-economic and socio-cultural factors. The results indicated that there was a poor state of maternal nutrition in Jinja district with 25% of pregnant women wasted, 49.2% of them anaemic while 15.3 % had VAD compared to 30.2% wasting, 27.8% anaemic and 12.8% with VAD among the lactating mothers. This was explained by poor feeding habits of participants caused high consumption of starchy staples (97.3%) coupled with low consumption of micronutrient rich foods especially of iron (36%) and vitamin A (65%). However, the multiple linear regression model analysis showed nutritional status of participants to greatly depend location (urban or rural), marital status and sex of household head with significant P values (0.028, 0.001 and 0.009 respectively) while geo-economic factors like annual income of participants, main use of food crops grown in their households and geographical distribution of foods (lack of food in the area but plenty in other areas) significantly determined low consumption of micronutrient rich foods (Vitamin A), whereas reduction on household workload during pregnancy or lactation was revealed to be the only significant socio-cultural factor influencing the low consumption of micronutrient rich foods (Vitamin A rich foods). Geo-economic factors such as annual income of participants, geographical distribution of foods and main use of food crops grown; socio-cultural factor of workload reduction during pregnancy and lactation as well as socio-demographic characteristics of location, sex of household head and marital status of participants were specifically responsible for the poor state of maternal nutrition in Jinja district. Key Words: Maternal Nutrition, Jinja District.
Status of Maternal Death Reviews in Health Facilities of a Hard to Reach Sub-Region: A Case Study of Karamoja in Uganda.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2014) Asige, Elizabeth
ASIGE ELIZABETH (2014- M272- 20016) Status of Maternal Death Reviews in Health Facilities of a Hard to Reach Sub-Region: A Case Study of Karamoja in Uganda. Facility Based Maternal Death Review (FBMDR) is a qualitative, in-depth investigation of the causes and circumstances surrounding maternal deaths occurring at health facilities. It focuses particularly on tracing the path of the women who died through the health care system and within the facility. The aim is to identify any avoidable or remediable factors, which could be changed, in order to improve maternal care in the future. This then calls for an established Maternal Death Review (MDR) - committee team that regularly meets to review all maternal deaths at the facility. The number and the frequency of Maternal Deaths determines the number and frequency of MDRs in the facility. Reviewing maternal deaths and telling the story of how individual women died is essential in understanding why women could have died. The process explores gaps within the health facility and those outside the health facility that could have contributed to the deaths of pregnant women. Addressing these gaps will subsequently lead to reduction in numbers of women dying from preventable pregnancy related causes. The purpose of this study was to determine the status of facility-based maternal death reviews in health facilities of a hard to reach sub-region in order to contribute to the reduction of maternal deaths. A cross- sectional study that utilised both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis was used to determine MDR. The study examined the implementation of MDR, lessons learnt and challenges encountered during implementation respectively. Data was obtained from health facilities providing Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric Care (CEmOC) in Karamoja. The findings showed low MDR coverage 8.11% (9/111) in these hard to reach health facilities. Maternal death review implemented according to World Health Organization (WHO) and adopted by Ministry of Health (MoH) recommended cycle was 22.22% (2/9) with evidence of documentation. It was observed that poor record management, poor documentation culture, lack of implementation of recommended action as well as the negative health workers attitude and behaviour towards the MDR affected the implementation of the process. Having a copy of MDR report submitted to the presidents‟ office creates fear associated with low MDR implementation as the office was associated with arrests, dismissal threats and health workers harassments. There were also knowledge and skill gaps for the committee for FBMDR. There is an urgent need for good record management and documentation culture, a change in health workers attitude and behaviour towards FBMDR. Resources should be set aside for implementation of MDR recommended actions and inclusion of MDR process in the training syllabuses of Medical and Nurses training institutions and facilities‟ Continuous Medical Education (CMEs). Key Words: Maternal Death Reviews, Health Facilities, Hard to Reach Sub-Region, Karamoja
Framework to Evaluate the Impact of Information and Communications Technology on Business Processes in an Organisation: A Case Study of Uganda Clays Limited.
(2012) akullo, Ritah
AKULLO RITAH (2012-M142-20003) Framework to Evaluate the Impact of Information and Communications Technology on Business Processes in an Organisation: A Case Study of Uganda Clays Limited. As enterprises become heavily reliant on Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) for product and service delivery, they are increasingly being faced with the threat of failure that could interfere with the normal business operations. This has created a need for these organisations to put in place measures to ensure having based productive processes. Every organisation has unique requirements that drive how ICT impacts on processes depending on challenges the organisation is facing. This study sought to identify the requirements for the impact of ICT on business process for the organisation, with a view of formulating an appropriate framework for evaluating the impact of ICT on business process. The research relied on the primary and secondary data which was collected using document review, questionnaires, interviews and the literature. Results from data analysis were used to identify requirements for the framework. These requirements were used to guide the design of the framework. The main components of the framework were; people, budget, processes, and technology. It is anticipated that when the framework is implemented the results from the evaluation will help to improve business processes were necessary. As a recommendation, the proposed framework should be adopted as a guide to the evaluation of the effect of introducing ICT on business processes in an organisation. Key Words: Information and Communications Technology, Business Processes, Organisation, Uganda Clays Limited.
Web-Based Financial Audit System for a Multi-Campus Institution: A Case Study of Busitema University.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2014) Adong, Grace
ADONG GRACE (2014-M132-20003) Web-Based Financial Audit System for a Multi-Campus Institution: A Case Study of Busitema University. On a routine basis, institutions measure and quantify the performance effectiveness of their business activities. In the same manner, internal audit needs to demonstrate its own effectiveness using a performance measurement system tied to the expectations of its key stakeholders. Only by circling back to the needs of its key stakeholders and regularly tracking its performance against the expectations of the board, senior management and operating management, an internal audit function can satisfy for increased scrutiny and more demanding expectation. Generally, institutions should establish a working framework to fulfil requirements from compliance and risk management as well as governance practices to realise financial management. A compliance audit is an assessment of an auditee‟s activities to determine whether they comply with the relevant regulatory requirements. Without adequate audit mechanisms, financial systems and transactions remain vulnerable to undetected misuse. Users could make financial transactions without following the proper policies, regulations as per the financial manual of the organisation, could modify or delete protected financial information without these actions being traceable. The objective of this research is to develop an interactive secure web-based financial audit system that enhances assessment of an auditee‟s financial transactions effectively and efficiently. The financial transactions that the system handles are purchases and payments of goods and services. To achieve the objectives of this project, data was collected using paper prototyping as a technique for requirements gathering and elicitation. This approach helped identify fault early in the systems design process. The requirements collected were thematically analysed and used to design the web-based financial audit system. The system developed seeks to provide new opportunities in compliance auditing, furthering more opportunities that will make auditing easier and more cost effective. In addition, there is an increase in financial transactions being cleared by the internal auditors, quick submission of audit reports to management and enhanced timely retrieval of audit information. Key Words: Web-Based Financial Audit System, Multi-Campus Institution, Busitema University.
Examining the Practice of School-Based Sexuality Education Programme in Primary Schools in Bugiri District.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2014) Acheng, Mystica Jameto
ACHENG MYSTICA JAMETO (2014-M282-20046) Examining the Practice of School-Based Sexuality Education Programme in Primary Schools in Bugiri District. Sexuality education has been highly controversial in Uganda in the past several decades. This comes as a result of perceived resistances from parents, teachers, religious leaders and law makers which are due to misunderstandings about the nature, purpose, and effects of sexuality education on young people (Boonstra, 2011; UNESCO, 2009). This study intended to examine the practice of school-based sexuality education in primary schools in Bugiri district. It specifically examined the type of sexuality education programme available to pupils, determined the factors influencing the type of sexuality education delivered, and critically assessed the usefulness of existing sexuality education programmes in Bugiri district. The study was a cross sectional study design which was descriptive in nature. Both quantitative and qualitative techniques of data collection which include questionnaires, focus group discussion,interviews and documentary review were used to collect data. Purposive sampling was utilised to select teachers and key informants according to their knowledge about the topic being researched while pupils were selected randomly. The data collected was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 16.0 for quantitative data while thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. The study found that the most commonly employed type of sexuality education was comprehensive education. Also, most of the teachers (72.2%) had integrated sexuality education lessons in other subjects and some teachers (26.5%) taught the lessons during co-curricular activities. Other teachers were not decided on a systematic way of teaching the subject. This means that there is no clear guidance at school level on how this type of education should be delivered, thus, teachers did what was easier to practice. From the study findings time allocated to teach sexuality education was not adequate. The teachers indicated that most parents had positive attitude towards sexuality education. This is contributed to by the whole school approach used. The findings further indicated that the current practice of sexuality education in primary schools is poor (77.5%). This is due to the fact that sexuality education is not examinable hence teachers gave the subject less attention. Sexuality education was not part of teacher training curriculum, and there were no adequate facilities to facilitate teaching. Comprehensive education formed the most common type of sexuality education delivered to pupils in primary schools. Although it was also found that not all the teachers were teaching all topics in the curriculum, some skipped other topics. This means that some pupils did not receive holistic information to influence behaviour positive change. Lack of adequate knowledge on sexuality education among teachers, limited resources and minimal time allocated for teaching sexuality education and beliefs influenced implementation of sexuality education curriculum in primary schools. Despite the critical importance and evidence justifying the need for sexuality education, the actual delivery of sexuality education in primary schools is still insufficient to help young people develop personal skills and influence behaviour change. Government should harmonise sexuality education curriculum for primary schools. All primary schools should be involved in sexuality education to facilitate reach of adolescents at risk due to limited and sometimes inaccurate information regarding sexuality issues. The training of teachers on sexuality education should be integrated as part of the teacher training curriculum and government should introduce an in-service course for teachers on sexuality education. The districts should develop clear tools for monitoring implementation of school-based sexuality education to ensure quality age appropriate information are provided to all pupils. The issue of misconception around sexuality education topics should be taken up as serious advocacy issues that require attention of all stakeholders. Key Words: School-Based Sexuality, Education Programme, Primary Schools, Bugiri District.
The Impact of the Activities of Uganda National Farmers Federation on Farmers’ Incomes: A Case Study of Mbarara District.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2006) Twesigye, Dan
TWESIGYE DAN (2006-03-MScDe-PT-040) The Impact of the Activities of Uganda National Farmers Federation on Farmers’ Incomes: A Case Study of Mbarara District This study examined the impact of the activities of Uganda National Farmers Federation (UNFFE) using Mbarara district as a case study. The specific objectives were to find out the impact of agricultural trainings, distribution of farm inputs, provision of agricultural loans, and marketing of agricultural produce, on farmers‟ incomes. Cluster sampling methods were used to select the sample and primary data were collected using a questionnaire form the field. The data collected were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics were used most especially by means of frequency tables, pie charts and graphs. The impact of the activities of UNFFE was estimated by using a linear regression model with results indicating that the coefficients of agricultural loans, marketing of agricultural produce, training, and provision of inputs were 1.0245, 1.1134, 1.3213, and 1.3782 respectively. Therefore, a ten percent increase in agricultural loans, marketing of agricultural produce, training, and provision of inputs would increase farmers‟ incomes by 10.245, 11.134, 13.213, and 13.782 respectively. It is, therefore, recommended that government and stakeholders should intensify the campaigns to recruit more extension workers to carry out frequent trainings for the farmers, more low interest funds for farmers, institutional development of markets, and include all stake holders in the activities of the organisation so that meetings and trainings can be spread to the entire community. Key words: Farmer, Federation, Income, Agricultural, Loan
Influence of Gross Domestic Product and Inflation on Commercial Banks’ Income and Loan Portfolio in Uganda.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2008) Seera, Alice
SEERA ALICE (2008-M112-20031) Influence of Gross Domestic Product and Inflation on Commercial Banks’ Income and Loan Portfolio in Uganda The cross-sectional research investigated the influence of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and inflation on the banking sector in Uganda from 1999 to 2009 with a representative sample of 11 banks. The objective of this study was to find out the impact of inflation and GDP on commercial banks’ total income and loan portfolio. The research performed a diagnosis assessment of the individual variables, that is GDP, inflation, commercial banks‟ loan portfolio and total income using the Granger causality tests, Jahansen cointegration tests and finally two ordinary least squares models were built in e-views and utilised for testing the stated hypothesis. The research findings established that both inflation and GDP explain up to 40 percent variations in total income of a commercial bank in Uganda with positive elasticity. GDP elasticity to commercial bank’s total income is high (0.71) compared to that of inflation (0.23) and statistically significant in explaining changes in commercial bank’s total income. In addition, GDP and inflation explain 88 percent of the variations in the commercial banks’ loan portfolio. GDP has a higher elasticity (0.91) than inflation (0.36). The research failed to reject the stated hypothesis hence concluded that there is a positive relationship between GDP and the commercial bank’s loan portfolio/book as well as inflation. Furthermore, the research accepted the stated hypothesis that inflation and GDP have a positive relationship with commercial bank’s income. With reference to these results, decision makers and stakeholders of commercial banks should consider inflation and GDP rates as they assess the factors that may impact on the stability of a commercial bank’s income and quality of the loan portfolio. Key words: Banks, Commercial, Inflation, Income
The Impact of National Agricultural Advisory Services on Farmers Welfare in Uganda: A Case Study of Kabale District.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2007) Natukwatsa, Amon
NATUKWATSA AMON (2007-03-MSCDE-PT-021) The Impact of National Agricultural Advisory Services on Farmers Welfare in Uganda: A Case Study of Kabale District The study examined the impact of the National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) activities on the farmers‟ welfare in Kabale district. The study was guided by farmers training, sensitisation, mobilisation, new and improved technologies as well as material supply by NAADS, and farmers‟ welfare as the objectives. The data were collected using questionnaires, interview guide, focus group discussions and library research (secondary data). Photographs were also taken to provide evidence of what was observed while in the field. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 12.0 was used to generate tables, graphs, Pie charts and Pearson correlations, from which the results were analysed, discussed and conclusion made. The study revealed that training, sensitisation and mobilisation, modern technologies and material supply by NAADS had a positive statistically significant correlation with farmers‟ welfare. Their coefficients were training 0.0717, 0.002, 0.071 and 0.0717 respectively implying that, a ten percent increase in training, sensitisation and mobilisation, modern technologies and material supply will lead to an increase in farmers‟ welfare by 0.717, 0.02, 0.71 and 0.717 percent respectively. Based on the findings, it is recommended that government puts in more effort in trainings, sensitisation and mobilisation, modern technologies and material supply since their increase increases farmers welfare. Key words: Mobilisation, Sensitisation, Advisory, Welfare
Factors Affecting Loan Default in Microfinance Institutions in Uganda: A Case Study of Pride Microfinance Limited, Lugazi Branch.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2007) Nanyonjo, Ritah, Zziwa
NANYONJO RITAH ZZIWA (2007-03-MSCDE-PT-020) Factors Affecting Loan Default in Microfinance Institutions in Uganda: A Case Study of Pride Microfinance Limited, Lugazi Branch The last two decades have been characterised by increased use of credit and overwhelming growth of Micro-Finance Institutions (MFIs) in Uganda. This has been the move by the government and donors to support the private sector particularly in alleviating poverty in Uganda. MFIs, however, have suffered great losses through clients defaulting and thus, this study was designed to establish the factors affecting loan default in MFIs in Uganda. The study used PRIDE microfinance Lugazi branch as a case study because between 2007 and 2009 its portfolio at risk was at one time as high as 18.3%. The study design was analytical and used 147 respondents of which 100 were loan clients who had borrowed from PRIDE microfinance Lugazi branch between 2008 and 2009. Questionnaires and document review were used to gather data, which was consequently analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and content analysis. The study revealed that the client’s sex influenced loan defaulting whereby there was a higher tendency for males to default than did their females counterparts. It was also found that; clients of large loan size and those who had borrowed loans many times tended to default more often than those with small loans or those who had just started borrowing loans. The study also showed that government interventions particularly policies on interest rates, scrutiny for licensing MFIs, credit services to farmers and repayment conditions increase the rates of loan defaulting. Client’s education level, main occupation, marital status, type of business in which the loans are invested and loan maturity period did not have significant effect on loan defaulting. MFIs should take extreme precautions when lending loans to males and clients who have borrowed many times. MFIs should restrict large loans or otherwise ask for corresponding collateral securities from them. Microfinance institutions should always do thorough loan appraisal of loan applicants and 153 regularly monitor loan clients. Further research should be done on the effect of economic and political factors on effectiveness of loan management in Uganda. Key words: Loans, Microfinance, Pride, Default
Determinants of Maize Production in Uganda: A Case Study of Baitambogwe Sub-County in Mayuge District.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2009) Mutyaba, John, Livingstone
MUTYABA JOHN LIVINGSTONE (2009-M111-10004) Determinants of Maize Production in Uganda: A Case Study of Baitambogwe Sub-County in Mayuge District This research examined the determinants of maize production in Uganda. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 54 farmers in the study area of Baitambogwe sub-county in Mayuge district. The data obtained from the field were subjected to analysis using inferential statistics, which was used to test the hypotheses. Results of the Cobb-Douglas model showed that family labour, quantity of seeds used and bags of maize sold are positive and statistically significant correlation with maize output with coefficients of 5.964, 5.945 and 11.012 respectively. This implies that a one percent increase in family labour, quantities of seeds used, and bags of maize sold leads to an increase in maize output by 5.964, 5.945 and 11.012 percent respectively. The probability of the F- statistics from the model used was 0.0060 which is less than 0.05, confirming the overall significance of the model used in the study, was good indicating a good fit and the correctness of the model. The study, therefore, recommends that, the government should develop strategic policies to target attaining quality family labour, improved and quality seeds and availing markets for the maize produced by the farmers in the study. Key words: Maize, Production
An Assessment of Factors Affecting Direct Tax Revenue in Uganda.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2006) Mubaale, Peter, Kafuko
MUBAALE PETER KAFUKO (2006-03-MSCDE-PT- 041) An Assessment of Factors Affecting Direct Tax Revenue in Uganda This study investigated the factors that affect direct tax revenue in Uganda. The factors included per capita income, the tax rate, tax administration and the size of the informal economy. Specifically, the study sought to examine the effects of these factors on direct domestic tax revenue and identify challenges to direct domestic tax revenue in Uganda. A correlation research design was adopted and primary data were collected through interviews. A total of 100 respondents including staff, managerial and senior tax officials from Uganda Revenue Authority (URA) and Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development (MFPED) participated in the study. Simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select respondents. The data were analysed using the statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The research findings revealed that per capita income and tax administration facilitation were the major economic factors that positively affected direct tax revenue in Uganda. On the other hand, political interference and corruption were significant challenges to direct tax revenue in Uganda. The study concluded that economic factors affected direct tax revenue in Uganda. Finally, the study recommended autonomy of URA, introduction of an effective human resource management policy, institutionalization of e-services and automation, stepping up taxpayer outreach 152 and education to understand the civic responsibility of paying taxes and, reorganising tax administration by type of taxpayer to increase efficiency and effectiveness. Key words: Tax, Revenue, Uganda
The Contribution of Non-traditional Agricultural Exports to Uganda’s Gross Domestic Product from 1995 to 2008.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2008) Kaddu, Milly
KADDU MILLY (2008- 03-MSCDE-PT-009) The Contribution of Non-traditional Agricultural Exports to Uganda’s Gross Domestic Product from 1995 to 2008 This study was about the contribution of the non-traditional agricultural exports to Uganda’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) from 1995 to 2005. The general objective was to establish the trend and contribution of maize, beans and flower exports to Uganda’s GDP. The hypotheses were; the value of beans exports was constant throughout the study period; the value of maize exports was constant throughout the study period and the value of flower exports was constant throughout the study period. Secondary data were collected from the Uganda bureau of statistics. Linear regression analysis was used to establish the contribution of each independent variable to the dependent variable. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were done. The data were tested for stationary using Eviews statistical package. When it exhibited trends of non-stationary, logs were taken and the second level differencing was done on it to make it stationary. The findings indicated that all the independent variables contributed significantly at 5% level of significance. This is because the probability to the T- statistic of flowers exports is 0.01, that of maize exports is 0.48 and for beans exports is 0.042 which is less than 0.05. It can be concluded that beans exports, maize exports and flower exports contribute significantly to Uganda’s GDP and their contribution is increasing over time though at varying magnitudes. Flowers exports contributed 45.6%, beans exports contributed 11.9% while maize exports contributed 12.2% to the GDP over the study period as was established by the multi variety analysis. It is, therefore, recommended that the farmers should provide wider acreage especially for flowers, which were found to have bigger returns once exported. Key words: Contribution, Agricultural, Export, Domestic

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