Post-Graduate Dissertations (Ethics)

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An Analysis of Institutional Policies and Employee Performance: A Case Study of Kasana, Luwero Diocese
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2008) Wamala, Gerald
WAMALA GERALD (2008-M092-20104) An Analysis of Institutional Policies and Employee Performance: A Case Study of Kasana, Luwero Diocese This research aimed at analysing the effects of institutional policies on employee performance in Kasana Luwero diocese. The need for the study arose from complaints regarding the poor performance of employees reflected in their failure to submit monthly reports on time, meeting deadlines and absenteeism as indicated in the chancellor‟s report (2008). On the basis of these complaints, it was crucial that a study be conducted to establish the factors that account for employee performance so that pertinent and practical recommendations are made from an informed point of view. In order to accomplish this, three objectives were formulated to find out the extent to which reward, supervisory and resource policies accounted for the performance of employees in the diocese. The research employed a cross sectional design using a sample of forty one (41) randomly selected respondents. The data pertaining to the study was collected using a self-administered questionnaire and interviews. The results of the analysis revealed positive correlations between each of the three constructs of the independent variable (institutional policies) and the dependent variable (employee performance). In particular, the findings showed that improvement in the reward, supervisory and resource policies results into an improvement in the performance of employees in the diocese. In view of the research findings, conclusions and recommendations were made and subsequently, areas for future research were proposed. Keywords: Employee performance, Institutional policies, Luweero
An Analysis of Mechanisms for Monitoring and Reporting Cases of Human Rights Abuses against Women and Children in War Affected Areas of Northern Uganda: A Case Study of Lira District
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2007) Asiimwe, Deogratias Akiiki
ASIIMWE DEOGRATIAS AKIIKI (2007-M083-10001) An Analysis of Mechanisms for Monitoring and Reporting Cases of Human Rights Abuses against Women and Children in War Affected Areas of Northern Uganda: A Case Study of Lira District This study was carried out in order to analyse mechanisms for monitoring and reporting human rights abuses against women and children in war affected areas. The research intended to analyse and describe the mechanism for monitoring and reporting human rights abuses against women and children in Lira district, identifying the gaps, how it is applied, finding out the responses and recommend the way forward basing on the findings so as to improve the way of monitoring, reporting and responding to human rights abuses with specific reference to women and children in war affected areas. The study sample composed of 160 respondents of which 16 were formally abducted children, 48 were mothers and fathers, 32 Uganda Peoples‟ Defence Forces and Uganda Police Force officers, 12 former LRA fighters, 28 local and opinion leaders, 12 members of human rights networks and 12 government representatives selected randomly. This study describes situations, experiences and opinions of the sampled respondents on the mechanism of monitoring and reporting human rights abuses against women and children in Lira district. The findings show that existing mechanisms have gaps and sometimes not applicable. Whereas, children and women rights violations are reported to elders, local councils, police and some minorities to the probation office and church leaders, a gross number of cases were left unreported based on various circumstances. It was found that most of the reported cases do not get the attention they deserve. The findings also indicated that most women feel it is a cultural taboo to constantly report domestic wrangles even if there are serious abuses to their rights. The findings also show that many more cases remain unmonitored and unreported to the various authorities in place. For children, the findings also show that for most of the sexually abused children, up to 56.8% do not report to anybody for fear of public embarrassment, shyness, fear of the difficulties taking long procedures, the exorbitant cost involved in tracing the perpetrators and threats from the offenders. From the above findings, recommendations are presented briefly including: proper, extensive and repeated training covering a wide range of issues on women and children‟s rights, creation of children and women‟s desks at the Police, health centres, and local councils and at the community level, handling of complaints and offences effectively through facilitation and availing the local leaders with the necessary logistics, periodic coordination between agencies working on human rights to review, assess, monitor, evaluate and follow up on the handling of reported cases of abuse and more others as presented in chapter five. Keywords: Human Rights abuses, Women and Children, Reporting cases, Lira District
An Analysis of the Contribution of Civil Society Organisations in Combating Domestic Violence in Peri-urban Centres: A Case of Centre for Domestic Violence Prevention in Rubaga Division, Kampala District.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2009) Namusoke, Lillian
NAMUSOKE LILLIAN (2009-M092-20037) An Analysis of the Contribution of Civil Society Organisations in Combating Domestic Violence in Peri-urban Centres: A Case of Centre for Domestic Violence Prevention in Rubaga Division, Kampala District. The study analysed the contribution of Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) in combating domestic violence against women in peri-urban areas with a case study of the Centre for Domestic Violence Prevention (CEDOVIP) in Rubaga division. The study focused on domestic violence that is perpetrated by intimate partners. The independent variable was the contribution of civil society organisations, while the dependent variable was domestic violence against women. The intervening variable was the laws aimed at fighting domestic violence. The general objective was to analyse the contribution of CSOs in combating domestic violence against women in peri-urban areas. This was achieved through three specific objectives and, thus, three research questions. The research was carried out using the quantitative research approach. The study involved 400 men and women between the ages of 18 to 49 years in five parishes of Rubaga division. The primary data-collection method was used in the study and questionnaires were used as a tool of primary data collection. After collection, the data was coded and analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The study discovered that there is a high level of domestic violence against women in Rubaga division. This was reached at after studying the frequency and severity of the abuse that women are subjected to. The study also discovered that, on what peri-urban residents consider as domestic violence, respondents strongly agreed (with no doubt at all) that they considered it domestic violence if the abuse happened often or if the abused woman gets severe physical injury, such as getting deformed, burnt or battered to death. The respondents also agreed, although simply, that they considered it domestic violence if it involved physical and psychological abuse, for example, a woman being battered, verbally abused or threatened to be harmed. However, respondents had doubts when it came to sexual abuse and controlling behaviour; for example, a woman being forced to have sexual intercourse or perform a sexual act against her will and a woman being prohibited from going anywhere without permission, talking to other people or working. Respondents did not consider it domestic violence if the abused woman is given a gift after being beaten. It was also established that CEDOVIP has made a significant contribution in combating domestic violence against women in Rubaga division. This was achieved through studying the needs of abused women and the extent to which CEDOVIP provides for such needs. Key Words: Civil Society Organisations, Domestic Violence, Peri-urban Centres Prevention, Kampala District.
An Analysis of the Humanitarian Network of Assistance Coordination in Improving Internally Displaced Persons’ Situation in Gulu District: A Case Study of Internally Displaced Persons in Koch Ongako Sub-county.
(2009) Komakech, Aludi John Bosco
KOMAKECH ALUDI JOHN BOSCO (2009-M033-20014) An Analysis of the Humanitarian Network of Assistance Coordination in Improving Internally Displaced Persons’ Situation in Gulu District: A Case Study of Internally Displaced Persons in Koch Ongako Sub-county. The purpose of the study was to examine how well-coordinated humanitarian network assistance contributed to the improvement of the Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) situation in Koch Ongako sub-county, Gulu district, with the operating environment as the intervening variable. The study was guided by four research objectives, that is, to find out whether the humanitarian network assistance coordination had improved the provision of education services to the IDPs in Koch Ongako sub-county. Secondly, to find out the impact of humanitarian network assistance coordination on the provision of agriculture services in Koch-Ongako sub-county. Thirdly, to find out whether the humanitarian network assistance coordination has improved the provision of health services to IDPs in Koch-Ongako sub-county. Lastly, to assess the combined impact of humanitarian network assistance coordination and the operating environment on the IDPs‟ situation in Koch Ongako sub-county. The study reviewed various literature on works that had been done and written by scholars and researchers, locally and internationally, on the thematic areas of the study. It presents the review of related works on humanitarian network of assistance coordination and IDPs‟ situation in Koch Ongako sub-county, Gulu district. It also reviewed literature on the provision of health, education and agriculture-support services as well as on the operating environment of the humanitarian agencies. Using cross-sectional survey research design, 99 respondents of different categories were sampled from a population of 130 people of Koch Ongako sub-county. A combination of purposive sampling and simple random sampling techniques were employed to select the 99 respondents. Of these, 93 responded by providing the necessary data. This represents a response rate of 93.9%. Questionnaire-based survey and interview guide methods were used for collecting data from the respondents. Both descriptive and inferential statistics (correlation and regression) were used in data analysis and presentations. It was found that a strong positive relationship existed between humanitarian network assistance coordination and each of the themes of the IDPs‟ situations (education, health and agriculture). It was also found that a combination of humanitarian network assistance coordination and operating environment accounted for up to 64.1% of the variation in IDPs situations. The study recommends that, there is a high need for these humanitarian agencies to coordinate their activities in the areas of; needs assessment, sharing of baseline survey information, organising joint workshops for their staff and volunteers or even forming a district platform committee, joint advocacy campaign for community awareness, joint fund raising campaign from donors, joint monitoring and evaluation on the impact of their programme, stock taking of lessons learnt and sharing of information. It is also recommended that, the sub-county authorities need to improve on the working environment for the humanitarian agencies. This could be achieved through allowing humanitarian agencies free access to the IDPs; ensuring the safety and security of staff, volunteers and property of humanitarian agencies; putting in place bylaws which favour the operation of humanitarian agencies; participating and endorsing the lobbying tools (strategic plan documents) of humanitarian agencies for funding. Key Words: Humanitarian Network, Coordination, Displaced Persons’ Situation, Gulu District
An Analysis of the Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives by Multinational Corporations on the Local Communities in Northern Uganda: A Case Study of Selected Multi-National Banks
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2008) Bibaze, Assumpta Bahenda
BIBAZE ASSUMPTA BAHENDA (2008-M092-20053) An Analysis of the Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives by Multinational Corporations on the Local Communities in Northern Uganda: A Case Study of Selected Multi-National Banks The study aimed at analysing the impact of corporate social responsibility programmes of multinational corporations (banks) on the local communities in Northern Uganda. The study used a case study design which involved three multinational banks; Barclays, Stanbic and Standard Chartered Bank. The study was based on three objectives, that is: to assess how multinational banks determine their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the host communities, to examine the contribution of Multi-national Corporations (MNCs) to the development of host communities in northern Uganda and to assess the factors affecting the performance of MNCs when extending their corporate social responsibility initiatives to host communities. This study adopted a case study design so as to give an opportunity for one aspect of the problem to be studied in some depth within a limited time frame. The methods of data collection were key informant interviews, focus group discussions, observation and documentary analysis. The qualitative method was used to present descriptive data. The results indicated that all multinational banks in Gulu did not have a uniform definition of what CSR was; they all came to the same conclusion that it was basically involved with giving back to the community. Regarding the way corporate responsibility was determined, most of the bank officials indicated that they consulted the members of the local community. However, the members of the local community indicated that they had not been consulted in the identification of needs assessment before the initiatives were carried out. The research findings revealed that whereas the MNCs are mandated to give back 1% of their pre-tax profits for CSR initiatives, the initiatives of the three banks that were involved in this study, did not reflect this since most of the initiatives were short term or one-offs. In some cases, the funding of these initiatives was done by the company staff which also may explain why they were not big projects. The findings also revealed that for the MNCs to be able to have initiatives that will create a lasting impact on the communities in which they operate, they need to work closely with the local authorities, other Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and also the community members since policy makers are now looking at CSR as a way in which these companies can support the government in meeting the vast community needs. The MNCs cited bureaucracies in the local government and politicking by some local leaders as some of the challenges they have faced, hence the local leaders also ought to be flexible if the needs of the people they serve are to be met with support of other stakeholders. Recommendations: MNCs need to work closely with the local leaders, partner with local NGOs and also involve the community members in the needs assessments before they embark on implementing any community initiative. This will go a long way in ensuring that the projects that are put in place are sustainable and as such would have a lasting positive impact in the socio-economic development of the communities in which they operate. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Local communities, Northern Uganda
Assessing Factors Influencing Hygiene and Sanitation Practices in Soroti District: A Case Study of Arapai Sub-County
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2006) Agelu, Charles
AGELU CHARLES (2006-03-MA-DL-003) Assessing Factors Influencing Hygiene and Sanitation Practices in Soroti District: A Case Study of Arapai Sub-County A lot of resources have been sunk into the water and sanitation sector by various actors; Government, local and international Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) to improve the water, hygiene and sanitation situation in the country. In spite of all these, the sanitation situation has remained poor. Even households with sanitation facilities in place do not operate or maintain them. The study was conducted to assess the factors influencing hygiene and sanitation practices in Soroti district, a case study of Arapai sub-county. The study variables were: poverty, culture and illiteracy. Purposive sampling, questionnaires, interview guides, focus group discussions and observation check-lists were used to collect data from the respondents. The specific objectives of the study were: to assess how culture influences adoption of hygiene and sanitation practices, to examine how poverty influences adoption of hygiene and sanitation practices and to assess how literacy levels influence adoption of hygiene and sanitation practices. The research questions were; what cultural practices affect hygiene and sanitation? How does poverty influence hygiene and sanitation practices and how literacy levels affect hygiene and sanitation practices. The findings reveal that poverty, illiteracy and culture influence hygiene and sanitation practices in Soroti district. In order to come out of this rather difficult situation, there is need for a critical analysis of the situation so as to design appropriate interventions. This also requires a joint effort by various development actors in the region so as to have a uniform approach to development intervention. Key areas that need action are: provision of adequate extension services, subsidisation of hygiene and sanitation materials, setting up of sanitation bi-laws, regular follow-ups, involvement of community based institutions like cultural and religious leaders, involvement of women who are the primary users of water and sanitation facilities and more research into the topic so as to get further insights into factors that affect hygiene and sanitation practices in the area. Keywords: Hygiene and Sanitation, Soroti District
Assessing Participation of Care-Givers in Food Security and Nutrition Interventions of Orphans and other Vulnerable Children in Kibaale District: A Case Study of Rural People in Action for Development
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2007) Tushaboomwe, Tumuhimbise Herbert
TUSHABOOMWE TUMUHIMBISE HERBERT (2007-M023-10021) Assessing Participation of Care-Givers in Food Security and Nutrition Interventions of Orphans and other Vulnerable Children in Kibaale District: A Case Study of Rural People in Action for Development Although civil society organisations have been heralded for performing many activities geared towards improvement of rural people‟s welfare, these attributes are largely untested and available reviews about their performance in encouraging participation are sceptical. This motivated the researcher to assess the level of participation of care-givers in food security and nutrition interventions for Orphans and Vulnerable Children implemented by Rural People in Action for Development (RUPAD) in Kibaale district. The study covered three sub-counties, namely, Mugarama, Bwamiramira and Kyanaisoke. Specifically, the study sought to examine the nature of food security and nutrition interventions implemented by RUPAD to caregivers, assess the participation levels of caregivers in RUPAD‟s food security and nutrition interventions as well as the challenges faced by care-givers in participation in RUPAD‟s food security and nutrition interventions. Using simple random and purposive sampling approaches, a total of 110 respondents participated in the study. A case study design was used and primary data collected through interviews and focus group discussions. Data collected was analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Descriptive statistics were used in the analysis. Research findings revealed that RUPAD implemented a food security and nutrition project that provided crop husbandry support to care-givers in Kibaale district. However, there was low participation of care-givers in food security and nutrition interventions implemented by RUPAD in the area. The challenges faced by care-givers in participation in RUPAD‟s food security and nutrition interventions included the long distance between care-givers‟ residences and RUPAD offices, delay in provision of seeds, short time for meeting announcements that led to failure by many beneficiaries to attend such meetings and poor health of care-givers among others. Due to these challenges, the study made several recommendations including setting up RUPAD branch offices in each sub-county to enable care-givers to consult staff in case of need, sensitisation of the community on the importance of project management meetings and involving care-givers in project planning and management among others. Keywords: Food security, Nutrition intervention, Orphans, Vulnerable Children, Kibaale District
Assessing the Challenges of Indigenous Knowledge Usage in Sustainable Natural Resource Management in Rakai District: A Case Study of Small Scale Farmers in Lwanda Sub-county.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2008) Mulwana, Martin K. Anthony
MULWANA MARTIN KIGOONYA ANTHONY (2008-M092-20076) Assessing the Challenges of Indigenous Knowledge Usage in Sustainable Natural Resource Management in Rakai District: A Case Study of Small Scale Farmers in Lwanda Sub-county. The research assessed the challenges of using indigenous knowledge in sustainable natural resource management through indigenous farming practices in Rakai district. The specific objectives were: to determine the indigenous knowledge-based practices, and secondly to find out the challenges of using indigenous farming practices in natural resource management, while suggesting ways of improving the use of indigenous farming practices in natural resource management. The study population included 97 respondents comprising of members from registered farmer groups in Lwanda sub-county and a few selected key informants. Simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select the respondents who participated in the study. The methods of data collection employed included questionnaires, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and observation. The quantitative data from closed-ended questions in the questionnaires were analysed manually by putting together the frequencies, while the qualitative data obtained from the focus group discussions and key informant interviews were analysed manually by coding. It was discovered that indigenous knowledge-based farming practices such as shifting cultivation, mixed cropping, land rotation, crop rotation and intercropping were commonly used in the district, although there were many challenges to these systems in natural resource management. The challenges included; negative attitudes towards the indigenous knowledge systems, lack of proven scientific procedural explanations, population growth and fragmentation of land, competition from modern scientific methods, increasing poverty levels and poorly enforced natural resource management policies. The use of indigenous knowledge practices in natural resource management can only succeed with deliberate support and cooperation of all the stakeholders including the government, academic institutions, indigenous institutions and farmers who have direct interface with these natural resources. Key Words: Indigenous Knowledge Usage, Sustainable Natural Resource, Management, Rakai District.
Assessing the Contribution of Informal Cross-Border Trade to Household Poverty Reduction in Malaba Town Council, Tororo District.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2006) Adude, Onyokor Vicent
ADUDE ONYOKOR VINCENT (2006-M033-10006) Assessing the Contribution of Informal Cross-Border Trade to Household Poverty Reduction in Malaba Town Council, Tororo District. Informal Cross-Border Trade (ICBT) has become a source of livelihood for border communities both employed and unemployed amidst the difficult socio-economic conditions which have affected living standards of the people. This study has explored the contribution of ICBT to household poverty reduction. The overall objective of this research was to assess the contribution of informal cross-border trade (ICBT) to poverty reduction in Malaba Town Council, Tororo district. The specific objectives were: to explore the extent and nature of ICBT in Malaba town, to examine the derived socio-economic benefits from ICBT and to examine the challenges and constraints faced by informal cross-border traders. The data for this research were collected from people engaged in ICBT, the study of written records and review of literature, key informants and observation. The written documents on ICBT, and scholarly works provided the background knowledge and conceptualisation of the study. In the survey methods of data collection, we interviewed 25 informal cross-border traders. The established informal traders gave us important insights into their experiences with ICBT. The study established the existence of a robust ICBT in Malaba town. It also identified the need for sources of livelihood as the key motivation for ICBT. The majority of the informal cross-border traders lack wage employment. The social economic profiles of these traders are not important in this business enterprise. The traders‟ levels of formal education do not determine the nature of cross-border trade. The study demonstrates that the sources of funding for launching and, sustaining cross-border trade are usually drawn from the personal and family savings. A small number of these traders apply and qualify for loans from financial institutions. Given the fact that family savings are meagre, the ICBTs import small quantities of goods. They transport their merchandise by public transport such as buses or coaches and/or on foot. The traders, most importantly, import essential and scarce commodities into their countries. Because the traders need income, they import goods that sell quickly in the markets and bring money quickly. The study has shown that the ICBT is a safety net for the unemployed people in border towns like Malaba. The trade provides sources of income to people without wage employment. More importantly, ICBT promotes entrepreneurship skills of people without formal education. The ICBT has a potential of transforming the traders into formal businessmen and women. The study has implications for those who view ICBT as merely a survival mechanism and strategy. The ICBT activities are significant and contribute immensely to household welfare. The study recommends the designing of appropriate policies to guide traders involved in ICBT which would impact positively on the local food security situation, attract investments in agro-processing, develop markets and transport infrastructure which could greatly contribute to poverty reduction. Key Words: Informal Cross-Border Trade, Household Poverty, Reduction Council, Tororo District.
Assessing the Contribution of Non-Governmental Organisations in Promoting Access to Employment of Persons with Disabilities: A Case Study of Mpigi District Persons with Disability Union.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2011) Driwaru, Flora
DRIWARU FLORA (2011-MO92-20007) Assessing the Contribution of Non-Governmental Organisations in Promoting Access to Employment of Persons with Disabilities: A Case Study of Mpigi District Persons with Disability Union. The purpose of the study was to assess the role of Mpigi District Persons with Disability Union ((MPIDIPU) in promoting employment of persons with disabilities (PWDs) in Mpigi district. Access to employment has always proved to be very difficult for PWDs. It was, therefore, necessary to assess the efforts of organisations involved in promoting employment among PWDs. The study was guided by three objectives and they are, to identify the perceptions of PWDs to the role of MPIDIPU in promoting employment of PWDs; to assess the strategies put in place by MPIDIPU to promote employment of PWDs; and to examine the challenges MPIDIPU is facing while promoting employment of PWDs in Mpigi district. The research design was a case study design, which was mainly descriptive and analytical because of using interpretation and analysis of data collected from the respondents of the study. The study used a case study because it was expected that the results from the study were to reflect the situation in other district disability unions in Uganda. Qualitative techniques were mainly used for the study to allow for in-depth data through direct quotations of views and careful interpretation and analysis of the situations. However, some tables and graphical illustrations were used to reflect the various patterns of responses. MPIDIPU was chosen because it is one of the disability unions which is active in carrying out income generating activities and is relatively easy to reach. The data were collected from a total of 75 respondents distributed as 43 PWDs for interviewer administered questionnaires, 2 focus group discussions with 15 and 10 members respectively, and interviews with 7 key informants. Members for the questionnaire were selected using the snow ball method, those for focus group discussions were purposively selected by the councillors on the basis of their level of organisation and key informants were purposively selected since they were either leaders of MPIDIPU or partner organisations, that is, National Union of Disabled Persons of Uganda (NUDIPU) and Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development (MGLSD). The findings revealed that perceptions of PWDs towards the role played by MPIDIPU in promoting employment of PWDs is mainly positive evidenced by PWDs paying subscription fees, participating in union activities, providing ideas though a few responses revealed negative perceptions that revealed that PWDs think the union leaders are taking advantage of them. Another response was that no research has yet been done to ascertain whether PWDs‟ perceptions are positive or negative. It was indicated that MPIDIPU uses quite a number of strategies to promote the employment of PWDs including training PWDs; lobbying for funding; advocating for employment law (they have drafted an ordinance); and starting projects. This shows that there is a relationship between the role of MPIDIPU and employment of PWDs. Challenges that MPIDIPU faces in this role are lack of funds; lack of government implementation of vital policies; poor leadership; negative attitudes from both non-disabled and PWDs, among others. It was, therefore, recommended that government takes seriously the issue of implementation of policies by investing in monitoring of government programmes; removing barriers to the education of both children and adults with disabilities because education empowers PWDs; MPIDIPU needs to build more partnerships which are mutually beneficial; more awareness is needed for both PWDs and the community so that rights of PWDs can be respected for them to gain confidence and actively take charge of their development through such organisations like MPIDIPU. Key Words: Non-Governmental Organisations, Employment, Persons with Disabilities, Mpigi District
Assessing the Contribution of Self-help Groups in Community Development: A Case Study of Lwabenge Agali Awamu Community Health Workers and Butale Kugumikiriza Group, Masaka District
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2008) Kanyaryeru, Ambrose
KANYARYERU AMBROSE (2008-03-MA-PTR-016) Assessing the Contribution of Self-help Groups in Community Development: A Case Study of Lwabenge Agali Awamu Community Health Workers and Butale Kugumikiriza Group, Masaka District The research assessed the contribution of self-help groups to community development. It was a case study design of two self-help groups based in Masaka district. These groups are: Lwabenge Agali Awamu Community Health Workers (CHW) and Butale Kugumikiriza Group. To assess the groups‟ contribution, the study was guided by three specific study objectives: To establish how self-help groups are contributing to community development; to find out limitations that hinder self-help groups‟ contribution to rural community development; to explore possible mechanisms that could lead to self-help groups‟ sustainable and effective contribution to the community. The research reached to a total of 101 respondents. These included self-help group members of Lwabenge Agali Awamu CHWs and Butale Kugumikiriza groups, beneficiaries to the two groups, and key informants. The key informants were sub-county chiefs, Community Development Officers and Local Council III chairpersons of Lwabenge and Mukungwe sub-counties, World Vision staff, and the Masaka District Community Development Officer. The research used the qualitative approach design and employed convenient sampling methods to select survey respondents and non-random purposive sampling to choose key informants and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) participants. It used interviews, FGDs and observation methods of data collection. The research found out that self-help groups contribute to community development. This contribution is manifested through a number of activities the groups are involved in that are geared towards development. It was also found out that much as the groups may have a vision that embraces the general community to which they belong, most of the activities are more inclined to helping the individual group members. The study revealed that people‟s perceived meaning of the concept of self-help groups influences significantly their expectations from such structures. The associated reasons for their joining also determine their willingness to participate meaningfully in such groups. Moreover, meaningful participation of group members determines the quality of activities implemented by the group and thereby determining the trend and impact on individuals, families and communities in general. This eventually determines the self-help groups‟ contribution to the general community‟s development. Keywords: Community development, Community health workers, Masaka district
Assessing the Contribution of the Prosperity for all Programme towards the Performance of Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies in Uganda: A Case Study of Lumino Savings and Credit Cooperative Society in Busia District
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2008) Kensita, Annet Sharon
KENSITA ANNET SHARON (2008-03-MA-PTR-020) Assessing the Contribution of the Prosperity for all Programme towards the Performance of Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies in Uganda: A Case Study of Lumino Savings and Credit Cooperative Society in Busia District The study aimed at assessing the contribution of the Prosperity for All programme towards the performance of Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies (SACCOs) in Uganda. The objectives of the study included: to determine the extent to which the Prosperity for All programme (PFA) has contributed towards the performance of savings and credit cooperatives. The second aimed at examining the factors leading to poor repayment of loans from clients that borrow from savings and credit cooperatives that are supported under the PFA programme. The third objective was to examine other factors that affect the performance of SACCOs. The fourth objective was to examine the challenges facing savings and credit cooperatives. The study found out that the PFA programme has a significant contribution towards the performance of SACCOs. The study went ahead to discover that the PFA programme has contributed to the growth in the loan portfolio, membership, savings, shares of the SACCO and this has subsequently ledto increased income to the SACCO. As a result of the loans accessed, SACCOs are able to disburse larger loans to members. It was also realised that many of the members think it is an appreciation from government for having voted well. While others are relating it to the government programme of “ENTANDIKWA” that also failed and people did not pay back the loans that they accessed. Thus, “this has caused a lot of reluctance in loan repayment”, mentioned one member from the focus group discussion. There is need to upscale membership education, skills, development training for governance bodies and management staff. The District Commercial Officers are of key importance in the capacity building of SACCOs. Thus, their capacity needs to further be built in order to ensure that they continuously identify and build the capacity of the SACCOs. This will ensure sustainability of interventions even after the PFA programme. Although government is trying to make an effort to provide start up kits and basic logistical support to SACCOs in need and those which are starting up, they need to also increase the period of support from 1 year to 2 years. This period will allow SACCOs to at least reach some level of self-sufficiency. However, the SACCOs may also be classified; those that need support for 2 years and those that need support for 1 year. A participatory approach to training needs identification of both the staff and the clients‟ needs to be adopted if the trainings are to be relevant to the SACCO and if they are to cause impact in the long run. It should be the SACCO staff and/ or members to point out their areas of weakness / capacity gaps so that UCSCU; MSCL can design appropriate trainings to address such gaps. In other words, training packages need to be demand driven and not supply driven Keywords: Performance of Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies, Prosperity for all, Busia
Assessing the Effect of some Employee Benefits on Employee Performance in the Private Education Sector: A Case Study of Selected Private Secondary Schools in Midia Sub-county, Koboko District.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2012) Onam, Innocent
ONAMA INNOCENT (2012-M091-10006) Assessing the Effect of some Employee Benefits on Employee Performance in the Private Education Sector: A Case Study of Selected Private Secondary Schools in Midia Sub-county, Koboko District. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of some employee benefits on employee performance in the private education sector. The research questions are: What are the types of employee benefits in the selected private secondary schools in Midia sub-county, Koboko district? What is the level of employee performance in the selected private secondary schools in Midia sub-county, Koboko district? What is the extent to which employee benefits affect employee performance in the selected private secondary schools in Midia sub-county, Koboko district? A case study research design was adopted majorly taking a qualitative approach. It involved two schools from Media sub-county, Koboko district that were selected by probability sampling. A total of 28 respondents were involved: 4 members of board of governors, 2 head teachers and 4 heads of departments were purposively chosen; 14 teachers and 4 parents were chosen using simple random sampling. Data were collected through interview guides, semi-structured questionnaires, documentary reviews and observation checklists and analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The findings revealed that a number of employee benefits existed in these schools. Though the benefits were found to be motivating, they were considered to be insufficient, hence, the need for their improvement. It was also established that informal performance management processes and appraisal exercises took place in these schools. It was found out that where there were benefits in place, the employees felt more appreciated and, therefore, motivated to work hence performed better. The study then concluded that there is need for these schools to improve on the employee benefits in order to motivate their employees, adopt more formal performance management and appraisal processes, and find other ways of motivating the employees to work much more harder than what they were doing at the moment of this study. Key Words: Employee Benefits, Performance, Private Education Sector, Secondary Schools, Koboko District.
Assessing the Factors Influencing High Dropout Rate of the Girl Child in Universal Primary Education Schools in Sembabule District: A Case Study of Mijwala Sub-county.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2009) Mukasa, Sarah
MUKASA SARAH (2009-M033-20021) Assessing the Factors Influencing High Dropout Rate of the Girl Child in Universal Primary Education Schools in Sembabule District: A Case Study of Mijwala Sub-county. This study aimed at assessing “The factors influencing high dropout rate of the girl child in Universal Primary Education (UPE) schools in Mijwala Sub County Sembabule District”. The specific objectives of the study were; to examine the socio–economic factors influencing high dropout rate of the girl child in UPE schools of Mijwala sub county, to analyse the institutional factors that have contributed to the high dropout rate of the girl child in UPE schools of Mijwala sub county Sembabule District as well as to examine the impact of high the dropout rate of the girl child in relation to community development in Mijwala sub county Sembabule district. The study adopted a descriptive case study research design and both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. The study consisted of 83 respondents who included 36 school pupils, 20 parents/guardians, 20 teachers, 6 Head teachers and the District Education officer. A number of data collection methods and instruments were used and these included; interviews, focus group discussions, questionnaires and observations as well as documentary review. The data collected were tabulated, frequencies generated and converted into percentages and analysed basing on study themes. The findings revealed that a number of socio-economic factors have influenced the high rate of girl child drop out from UPE schools in Mijwala sub county and these include among others; lack of financial support, forced early marriages and pregnancies, death of parents, negative attitude of parents towards education, long distances travelled to go to school, age of the child. In addition to these, were the institutional factors which were also highlighted by the study to include; corporal punishment, sexual harassment by teachers, bullying and teasing, absenteeism of teachers, failure of school to provide lunch, crowded classes, poor quality teachers and poor teacher/pupil relationship to mention but a few. The study also examined the impact of the high dropout rate of the girl child in relation to community development as poor standards of living, high illiteracy level, increased early marriages and pregnancies, poor health, increased spread of HIV infections, dependence burden, lack of employment, high crime rate, under development among others. The study concluded that there is no single factor that leads to drop out of the girl child from school. All factors are interrelated to accelerate the dropout of a child from school. The major recommendations of the study include: the government should improve on the well-being of teachers, build more schools to reduce on the distances pupil have to walk to access school, provide on-job capacity building to improve the teacher-pupil relationship, government should improve on the monitoring of rural schools, empower the communities with ventures that will improve the incomes as well as work on the household food security. Sensitise the community on the role education plays in the lives of the girl child and sensitise the community on the UPE policy to give a clear picture of the parents‟ roles. Key Words: High Dropout Rate, Girl Child, Universal Primary Education, Schools, Sembabule District.
Assessing the Impact of Increased Enrolment of Students on Quality of Education in Private Universities in Uganda: A Case Study of St Lawrence University Kampala.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2011) Kassita, Raymond
KASIITA RAYMOND (2011-M092-20014) Assessing the Impact of Increased Enrolment of Students on Quality of Education in Private Universities in Uganda: A Case Study of St Lawrence University Kampala. The study set out to assess the impact of increased enrolment of students on the quality of education in private universities in Uganda. This research was guided by the following objectives: examining the causes of increased enrolment in private universities in Uganda, examining the structural and infrastructural preparedness of private universities in Uganda to handle increased enrolment and examining how increased enrolment has impacted the quality of education offered in private universities in Uganda. The study employed a descriptive research design which helped in involving a number of people and comparing their opinions. The study respondents included university academic staff, administrative staff, students, parents of current students of the university, National Council of Higher Education (NCHE) officials as well as those from the Ministry of Education and Sports. Non-random sampling was utilised in the sampling process and a sample size of 55 was used. Interviews, questionnaires and documentary analysis were used to collect data. The results were analysed into frequencies and percentages that were used for comparison of the different phenomenon. From the findings, it was concluded that increased enrolment of students in private universities has a significant impact on the quality of education in private universities. The findings revealed that the major causes of increased enrolment included: relatively low fees in private universities, failure to get desired courses in public universities by students, relatively accessible entry requirements in private universities, too many strikes in public universities and the relatively low student-lecturer ratio in private universities. Upon examining the structural and infrastructural preparedness of private universities to handle increased enrolments, the findings revealed the following in the case study of St Lawrence University: Many lecturers were competent though they were generally found to be under-qualified as per NCHE standards and some others tended not to finish their teaching loads. Administrative staff were also found to be largely competent though some did not attend satisfactorily to the students since they often turned up for work late and left early. Computer facilities were available but the internet was slow and the computers were having software that was not up-to-date. Lecture rooms and the furniture therein were found to be relatively fewer than the ever rising number of students. Library facilities were found to be not spacious enough and there were also few and limited number of books per title. Increased enrolment was found to have impacted on the quality of education in St Lawrence University in the following major ways: It led to 61 deeper research outcomes through bigger group discussions, it led to limited furniture for learners, it led to management overload due to increased enrolment not matched with recruitment of workers, it led to better running of the university and lastly, it was found to have led to an ease in dodging of lectures by students in big classes. Therefore, from the study it can be majorly concluded that increased enrolment in private universities has to a larger extent led to diminishment of the quality of education thereof. The study recommended that management should devise strategies to make sure that lecturers are all competent enough and they perform to the best of management‟s expectations. Administrative staff should be closely monitored by management so as to make sure that they carry out their roles towards the students aptly and competently. The state of the computer facilities should also be improved. The university should make an effort to set up more spacious lecture facilities coupled with sufficient furniture therein. The library facilities should be made bigger and more books should be placed there per title and in terms of variety. Key Words: Enrolment, Students, Quality, Education, Private Universities, St Lawrence University, Kampala
Assessing the Perceptions, Practices and Role of Pastoralists’ Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Managing Climate Change in the Drylands: A Case Study of Sanga Sub-county, Kiruhura District.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2009) Nanziri, Mariam Akambikira
NANZIRI MARIAM AKAMBIKIRA (2009-M092-30021) Assessing the Perceptions, Practices and Role of Pastoralists’ Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Managing Climate Change in the Drylands: A Case Study of Sanga Sub-county, Kiruhura District. Climate change is not only a threat to human freedoms but also a limit to development choices (UNDP, 2007). This has been recognised by development planners and policy makers both internationally and locally, based on which an interplay of innovative and more sustainable management strategies have been suggested. One of these being the incorporation of indigenous knowledge systems among key priorities in development planning. In Uganda, there is still a need to evaluate and document the indigenous knowledge systems among dryland pastoralists. This population is known to be well adaptive to the climate variability common to these regions. In this study, I aimed at establishing local perceptions in regard to climate change; the indigenous knowledge systems employed by pastoralists and their role in managing climate change, with Sanga sub-county in Kiruhura district as the case study area. A qualitative research was done involving a total of 5 parishes selected randomly, with a total of 150 participants. These were selected purposively and they consented to participate, that is, 30 people from each parish, of which 10 were elderly. A total of 50 elderly persons were interviewed, while the remaining 100 were administered open-ended questionnaires. Data were then entered into the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and MINITAB computer packages, summarised into frequencies and percentages. Among the key findings of this study is the fact that dryland pastoralists have clear understanding of the concept of climate change and the trend it has taken and as a result they have adopted mitigation and adaptation measures for climate change that they have integrated into their indigenous knowledge management systems. The majority of the pastoralists claim that climate change has been mainly human-induced through over grazing and massive deforestation among other causes. Therefore, they tend to practice re-afforestation and afforestation as key mitigation strategies in as much as a few also mentioned selective clearing of farms as one of the measures. Also, cross-breeding, dams and building of wells as well as agro-forestry were reported as some of the adaptive measures. Noteworthy, their traditional adaptation measures are now more market-based than ecological or bio-physical. This is to help them cope with the increased costs of living mainly as a result of the effects of climate change. Although their indigenous knowledge systems have sustained them for generations through the climate variability characteristic of dry lands, the present climate change era has over-stretched these existing management systems and, thus, they acknowledge the acute necessity to adopt and integrate the science-based strategies. However, westernisation/globalisation and the present education system were reported as some of the leading threats to the sustenance of these indigenous knowledge systems. In conclusion, since pastoralists‟ indigenous knowledge systems are functional and dynamic in nature, with proven relevance in addressing the present climate change, they should as much as possible, and where sustainable, be integrated into science-based strategies. This will ensure and enhance practicability; acceptability, cost-effectiveness and efficiency in local contexts which if modelled up-scale can contribute to sustainable development in the long run. In this regard, documentation of pastoralists‟ indigenous knowledge systems as well as acknowledging the role of children and the youth as important linkages between the traditional and modern knowledge systems should be prioritised and facilitated as much as possible by development planners and policy makers. Key Words: Perceptions, Practices, Role, Pastoralists, Indigenous Knowledge Systems, Climate Change, Dry lands, Kiruhura District .
Assessing the Performance of Uganda Youth Forum as an Agent of Youth Development in Uganda: A Case Study of Nakawa Division.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2009) Namara, Doreen K.
NAMARA DOREEN KAROKORA (2009-M092-20034) Assessing the Performance of Uganda Youth Forum as an Agent of Youth Development in Uganda: A Case Study of Nakawa Division. This study assesses the performance of Uganda Youth Forum (UYF) as an agent of youth development in Uganda, using a case study of Nakawa Division. It explores the strategies employed by UYF, a Non-Governmental Organisation started in 1992, to address youth development needs in Nakawa Division, the limitations and challenges experienced in realising its objectives, the achievements it has registered and the strategies proposed to meet the challenges experienced. Using both descriptive and exploratory research, data were collected from 28 study participants that were purposively selected from two parishes in Nakawa Division, i.e. Naguru II and Banda. Data were collected using mainly key informant interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). These methods were deemed adequate because the respondents were information rich considering their key role in UYF youth activities in Nakawa Division. This study, therefore, indicates that capacity building, the peer-to-peer programme, and youth-adult and organisation partnerships were the major strategies UYF employed in implementing youth development activities. This was because UYF deliberately targeted key aspects of an individual‟s developmental needs. This combination of strategies has the potential to significantly improve youth development in Nakawa Division. Visible achievements resulting from youth development activities included the provision of livelihood options to the youth, and sustained positive behaviour change among the youth. However, UYF faced challenges in implementing youth development activities. The main challenges were: Youth mobilisation difficulties greatly affected by the failure to easily separate the work of the patron of UYF and her membership to the ruling National Resistance Movement (NRM) party; dependence on donor funding affected the ability of UYF to adequately finance youth development activities as manifested in operational challenges such as transport difficulties, and high turnover of peer facilitators. There was also an inadequate monitoring and evaluation system as highlighted by lack of adequate baseline data in UYF. This study recommends that UYF should review its sensitisation or public relations strategy with the aim of strengthening its branding and visibility in the community, especially clarifying the role of UYF and of its Patron. UYF should also conduct a study to investigate the nature of the weaknesses in its monitoring and evaluation system with a view to improving its ability to gather appropriate data for programming purposes. Key Words: Uganda Youth Forum, Agent, Development, Nakawa Division.
Assessing the Relationship between the Increasing Gender-Based Violence against Men in Relation to Women Empowerment in Bugiri Town Council, Bugiri District.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2012) Namutamba, Beatrice
NAMUTAMBA BEATRICE (2012-M091-10003) Assessing the Relationship between the Increasing Gender-Based Violence against Men in Relation to Women Empowerment in Bugiri Town Council, Bugiri District. The study was an assessment of the relationship between the increasing Gender-Based Violence (GBV) against Men in relation to Women empowerment with three objectives of; identifying forms of women empowerment in Bugiri Town Council, finding out the extent to which women empowerment influences Gender_Based Violence against men in Bugiri Town Council and, identifying better ways of addressing GBV against men in Bugiri Town Council. The research was both qualitative and quantitative where the qualitative approach sought to describe people‟s values, norms, perceptions and understanding based on their opinions as backed up with their experience in the communities and provides explanations for quantitative data because it provided multiple realities with a case study. The data collection methods used were questionnaire method with the aid of questionnaire forms to eighty three residents of Bugiri Town Council selected randomly and the data were analysed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Qualitative data were collected using the interview method with the aid of the interview schedule from thirteen duty bearers purposively selected and the analysis was thematic and comparative. A sample size of ninety six was used to obtain the data with use of both probability and non-probability sampling procedures with the techniques of systematic and purposive sampling respectively. The findings showed that; NGOs have played a very paramount role and function in facilitating women empowerment through women emancipation which takes various forms including social, economic and political for self-reliance, skills, knowledge as they all enhance access to information for informed decisions. Some of the activities and interventions being implemented by the NGOs/CSOs have some impact on GBV against men based on the way duty bearers approach communities during implementation which complement religious and cultural values and beliefs and the social structures of family, school and peers that contribute to the greatest extent thus depression of men. Moreover, there are no organisations directly working with men in protecting them and responding to GBV against them in Bugiri town council. In addition, men fear and are not motivated to seek support and services from duty bearers. It was majorly recommended that; GBV should be addressed with a clear mind set to have strategies benefiting the community holistically; by equally catering for both men and women or boys and girls and reduce the possibility of women empowerment being a likely cause of GBV against men; Empowerment and GBV response packages of the development partners ought to be adjusted to antagonise the cohesion with in family, workplace and community as a whole; Men should also be integrated into the gender discourse to change the socio-cultural structures that give men morepowers which more often pave way for GBV and even establish male centred infrastructures to address men‟s call on GBV inflicted to them in communities; Organisations should specifically be designed to address men‟s concerns to achieve a big turn-up for services and support as it is the case with women‟s organisations. The necessary services for men would facilitate ease in accessing support and services, openness, address denial, destitution and the depressed caused by GBV. Key Words: Relationship, Gender-Based Violence, Men, Women Empowerment, Bugiri District.
Assessing the Socio-Economic Effects of Population Increase on People’s Incomes in Bushenyi District in Uganda: A Case Study of Kizinda Parish in Nyabubare Sub-county.
(2009) Bambeiha, Sebastian
BAMBEIHA SEBASTIAN (2009-MO33-20006) Assessing the Socio-Economic Effects of Population Increase on People’s Incomes in Bushenyi District in Uganda: A Case Study of Kizinda Parish in Nyabubare Sub-county. The study is about the assessing of the socio-economic effects of population increase on people‟s incomes in Bushenyi district in Uganda. The study was specifically carried out in Kizinda parish in Nyabubare sub-county. The objectives of the study were; to find out the factors behind population increase in Kizinda parish, to find out the relationship between population increase and people‟s incomes in Kizinda parish, to determine the challenges of population increase in Kizinda parish and to give recommendations to address population increase and socio-economic effects in Kizinda parish. The researcher used a case study of Kizinda parish in Nyabubare sub-county and contacted 100 respondents. Purposive and random sampling techniques were used to select the respondents. Data collection methods included self-administered questionnaires, key informants interviews and focus group discussions. Data analysis was done using mostly qualitative and to a less extent quantitative approaches. From the findings, it was established that population increase had been caused by primarily new migrant workers, which further caused social problems like sex networks, theft, fights and improper garbage disposal, which needed to be addressed for better lives. It was established that the population in Kizinda parish had increased. From the findings, it was observed that this increase has had positive effects like improving on people‟s incomes and negative effects such as theft that reduce people‟s income. The positive effects reign more than the negative ones due to the development in the area that has accrued from the population increase. Consequently, the researcher recommends that there is need for the government to carry out strict registration of the population, and to enforce, approve and use plans whenever any construction of permanent houses is carried out. At the same time, the government should spread the police stations to different villages in order to boost the security of this area. Conclusively, this research is very vital because it explores gaps between population increase and people‟s incomes within the area of study. It, therefore, advises different stake holders to join hands and address them. Key Words: Socio-Economic Effects, Population, People, Incomes, Bushenyi District
An Assessment of Factors Influencing Women Participation in Governance and Management of Saccos in Nebbi District: A Case Study of Selected Saccos from Jonam County.
(Uganda Martyrs University, 2010) Onenchan, Gabriel P.
ONENCHAN GABRIEL .P. (2010-M093-10038) An Assessment of Factors Influencing Women Participation in Governance and Management of Saccos in Nebbi District: A Case Study of Selected Saccos from Jonam County. This research presents the findings of the study which was conducted on “Assessment of factors influencing the involvement and participation of women in governance and management SACCOs in Nebbi district”: A case study of two selected SACCOs from Jonam County. The objective of the study was to assess the level of women participation in Savings and Credit Cooperative Organisations (SACCOs). The specific objectives were: to find out the policy frameworks, political and legal factors, and socio-economic factors influencing or contributing to women‟s participation in governance and management of SACCOs. The study used a case study design and both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. The sample size was 178 that included ordinary SACCO members, group leaders representing their various groups, and SACCO board members and Management staff. The major methods of data collection were questionnaires, interviews and observations. The data collected were analysed by the researcher to establish whether the responses addressed the research objectives indicated in the study. The major findings of the study included factors influencing active participation of women in SACCOS. It was observed that women participate more in groups than as individuals because of the free atmosphere of expression, confidence building, self-actualisation and freedom to enjoy rights without duress. Many women have practiced leadership through group dynamics: for instance, involving every member and giving equal opportunities to participate in decision making and exercise voting rights. However, the study found out that individual women in Panyango SACCO and Pakwach Nam SACCO have competed neck to neck with their male counterparts for leadership positions. For instance, the Chairpersons of both SACCOs are led by women; Panyango SACCO is managed currently by a female manager, the accountant of Pakwach Nam SACCO is a female. The study concluded that social networks and women forums for lobby and advocacy are important avenues of creating awareness and enlightenment for the females in joining SACCOs. The study recommends that more training be carried in formation of more groups in encouraging group dynamics and strengthening group solidarity in uniting women to address their cause appropriately. From the economic perspective, the savings culture should be promoted for future investment, and product development interventions would lead to expansion in the female members‟ absorption capacity so that they grow out the domestic businesses. Key Words: Influence, Women Participation, Governance and Management, Saccos, Nebbi District